ext3格式下的quota的实现

ext3下的quota实现
superblood

ext3是由开放资源社区开发的日志文件系统，ext3被设计成是ext2的升级版本，ext3在ext2的基础上加入了记录元数据的日志功能，努力保持向前和向后的兼容性。这个文件系统被称为ext2的下一个版本。
ext3fs最大的优点是向下兼容ext2，而且ext3fs还支持异步的日志，这意味着它的性能可能比ext2还好。但是使用ext3文件系统时不支持磁盘限量功能。
red hat从kernel2.4.17-pre8以后支持ext3的磁盘quota,我选择了更为稳定的kernel2.4.18来实现。

<1.源文件>
kernel-2.4.18:http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.4/linux-2.4.18.tar.gz
quota:ftp://ftp.rpmfind.net/linux/redhat/7.3/en/os/i386/RedHat/RPMS/quota-3.03-1.i386.rpm
把档案放在/home/src下

<2.設定方法>

2-1-2）kernel升级过程：
#cd /home/src
#mkdir kernel_update
#cp ./linux-2.4.18.tar.gz ./kernel_update
#cd kernel_update
#tar zxvf linux-2.4.18.tar.gz
#cd linux
#make menuconfig
此时出现Linux Kernel v2.4.18 Configuration的窗口

Processor type and features --->
General setup --->
Memory Technology Devices (MTD) --->
Parallel port support --->
Plug and Play configuration --->
Block devices --->
Multi-device support (RAID and LVM) --->
Networking options --->
Telephony Support --->
ATA/IDE/MFM/RLL support --->
SCSI support --->
Fusion MPT device support --->
I2O device support --->
Network device support --->
Amateur Radio support --->
IrDA (infrared) support --->
ISDN subsystem --->
Old CD-ROM drivers (not SCSI, not IDE) --->
Input core support --->
Character devices --->
Multimedia devices --->
File systems --->
Console drivers --->
Sound --->
USB support --->
Kernel hacking --->
---
Load an Alternate Configuration File
Save Configuration to an Alternate File
以下都是kernel里的选项，可以根据server硬件的不同自行选择

与quota有关的设定如下
找到File systems ---> 的字样 （第22行） 按空格键
把第一行的Quota support前打上*号

Quota support
Kernel automounter support
<*> Kernel automounter version 4 support (also supports v3)
<> Reiserfs support
Ext3 journalling file system support (EXPERIMENTAL)

• JBD (ext3) debugging support
  <> DOS FAT fs support
  <> Compressed ROM file system support
  
• Virtual memory file system support (former shm fs)
  <> Simple RAM-based file system support
  <*> ISO 9660 CDROM file system support
  [ ] Microsoft Joliet CDROM extensions
  [ ] Transparent decompression extension
  <> Minix fs support
  <> FreeVxFS file system support (VERITAS VxFS(TM) compatible)
  <> NTFS file system support (read only)
  <> OS/2 HPFS file system support
  
• /proc file system support
  
• /dev/pts file system for Unix98 PTYs
  <> ROM file system support
  <*> Second extended fs support
  <> System V/Xenix/V7/Coherent file system support
  <> UDF file system support (read only)
  <> UFS file system support (read only)
  Network File Systems --->
  
  选定以后选择exit退出。
  
  出现以下：
  ┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
  │ Do you wish to save your new kernel configuration? │
  ├──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
  │ <Yes > <No > │
  └──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
  选择yes
  
  然后出现以下字样：
  Saving your kernel configuration...
  
  *** End of Linux kernel configuration.
  *** Check the top-level Makefile for additional configuration.
  *** Next, you must run 'make dep'.
  
  2-1-2）编译kernel
  #make dep
  #make clean
  #make bzImage
  #make modules
  #make modules_install
  
  2-1-3)cp新的kernel到启动区
  #cp /home/src/kernel_update/linux/arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/vmlinuz-2.4.18
  #mkinitrd /boot/initrd-2.4.18.img 2.4.18
  #vi /etc/lilo.conf
  在最后添加以下
  image=/boot/vmlinuz-2.4.18 <= kernel的路径
  label=newkernel <= 启动时的卷标
  initrd=/boot/initrd-2.4.18.img <= kernelimg的路径
  read-only
  root=/dev/hda2 <= / 所在的区
  
  #/sbin/lilo -m /boot/map
  
  2-1-4)重新启动server
  #reboot
  
  重新启动进入时在redhat lilo的选择界面选择newkernel进入
  
  2-2)设定quota
  2-2-1)安装quota。
  #cd /home/src
  #rpm -ivv quota-3.03-1.i386.rpm
  
  2-2-2)设定quota,以home为例
  #vi /etc/fstab
  把
  LABEL=/home /home ext3 defaults 1 2
  改成
  LABEL=/home /home ext3 defaults,usrquota,grpquota 1 2
  重启server
  #/sbin/reboot
  
  2-2-3)设定用户限定
  #quotacheck -uvg /home
  #edquota -u test
  Disk quotas for user chenc (uid 694):
  Filesystem blocks soft hard inodes soft hard
  /dev/hda5 6000 5000 6000 3 5000 6000
  在soft和hard下添上需要限制的磁盘大小（单位是K）
  
  #edquota -t
  Grace period before enforcing soft limits for users:
  Time units may be: days, hours, minutes, or seconds
  Filesystem Block grace period Inode grace period
  /dev/hda5 1minutes 1minutes
  设定soft quota和hard quota之间的时间。
  
  启动quota
  #quotaon -av
  
  <3、测试>
  用test帐号用ftp进行测试，当test目录达到了5M时，提示Disk quota exceeded.
  
  欢迎志同道和者前来讨论。
  mail:[email protected]
  php爱好者站 http://www.ｐｈｐfans.net Linux|Apache|IIS.