Linux简明系统维护手册(三)
时间：2007-02-17 来源：PHP爱好者
(3)安装DHCP服务器
1、源程序下载地址是：ftp://ftp.isc.org/isc/dhcp/dhcp-3.0.tar.gz ，我们的版本是：dhcpd-3.0chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
2、复制到：/usr/local/scr后解压：tar zxvf dhcp-3.0.tar.gzchin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
3、cd /usr/local/src/dhcp-3.0.tar.gzchin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
4、./configurechin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
5、make(如果不是第一次编译，先make clean)chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
6、make installchin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
7、cp ./server/dhcpd.conf /etcchin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
8、编辑这个文件，看起来类似下面这样：（要更改的地方用粗体标出）chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
# dhcpd.conf
#
# Sample configuration file for ISC dhcpd
#
# option definitions common to all supported networks...
option domain-name "rd.xxx.com";
option domain-name-servers compaq.rd.xxx.com;
default-lease-time 86400;
max-lease-time 172800;
ddns-update-style ad-hoc;
# If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local
# network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented.
#authoritative;
# Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also
# have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection).
log-facility local7;
# No service will be given on this subnet, but declaring it helps the
# DHCP server to understand the network topology.
# This is a very basic subnet declaration.
subnet 21.9.22.0 netmask 255.255.255.224 {
range 21.9.22.2 21.9.22.6;
option routers 21.9.22.1;
}
# This declaration allows BOOTP clients to get dynamic addresses,
# which we don't really recommend.
#subnet 10.254.239.32 netmask 255.255.255.224 {
# range dynamic-bootp 10.254.239.40 10.254.239.60;
# option broadcast-address 10.254.239.31;
# option routers rtr-239-32-1.example.org;
#}
# A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet.
#subnet 10.5.5.0 netmask 255.255.255.224 {
# range 10.5.5.26 10.5.5.30;
# option domain-name-servers ns1.internal.example.org;
# option domain-name "internal.example.org";
# option routers 10.5.5.1;
# option broadcast-address 10.5.5.31;
# default-lease-time 600;
# max-lease-time 7200;
#}
# Hosts which require special configuration options can be listed in
# host statements. If no address is specified, the address will be
# allocated dynamically (if possible), but the host-specific information
# will still come from the host declaration.
#host passacaglia {
# hardware ethernet 0:0:c0:5d:bd:95;
# filename "vmunix.passacaglia";
# server-name "toccata.fugue.com";
#}
# Fixed IP addresses can also be specified for hosts. These addresses
# should not also be listed as being available for dynamic assignment.
# Hosts for which fixed IP addresses have been specified can boot using
# BOOTP or DHCP. Hosts for which no fixed address is specified can only
# be booted with DHCP, unless there is an address range on the subnet
# to which a BOOTP client is connected which has the dynamic-bootp flag
# set.
#host fantasia {
# hardware ethernet 08:00:07:26:c0:a5;
# fixed-address fantasia.fugue.com;
#}
# You can declare a class of clients and then do address allocation
# based on that. The example below shows a case where all clients
# in a certain class get addresses on the 10.17.224/24 subnet, and all
# other clients get addresses on the 10.0.29/24 subnet.
#class "foo" {
# match if substring (option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 4) = "SUNW";
#}
#shared-network 224-29 {
# subnet 10.17.224.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
# option routers rtr-224.example.org;
# }
# subnet 10.0.29.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
# option routers rtr-29.example.org;
# }
# pool {
# allow members of "foo";
# range 10.17.224.10 10.17.224.250;
# }
# pool {
# deny members of "foo";
# range 10.0.29.10 10.0.29.230;
# }
上面这个文件中后面都是注释，是原来系统给你的配置做的例子，可以不要。当然除非你用到它们，并且清楚它们的含义。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
9、建立空文件：touch /var/state/dhcp/dhcpd.leases空文件chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
10、检查内核编译选项：Networking options-----Packet socket: mmapped IO和Socket Filtering选项是否被选中（不知道怎么看？看看前面的文章，用make menuconfig呀），如果没有就需要重新编译内核了。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
11、route add -host 255.255.255.255 dev eth0chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
12、roote add -host localhost dev eth0chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
13、在/etc/rc.d/rc.local最后增加一行route add -host 255.255.255.255 dev eth0chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
14、reboot系统chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
15、用dhcpd命令启动DHCP，用其他的机器试试看能不能自动配置网络了。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
(4) 安装apache+mysql+php+gd+png+zlib+jpeg+freetype+sslmod chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
这么一大堆东西为什么要一块说呢？因为他们中间是有紧密联系的，尤其是那个PHP，用到其他所有的模块。要想PHP功能全，只能一步步来了。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
1、首先安装MYSQL：从http://www.mysql.com/downloads/index.html下载自己觉得合适的版本。这里用3.23.42版本。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
2、进入目录/usr/local/src(这个以后就不用说了吧？)解压缩：tar zxvf mysql-3.23.42.tar.gzchin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
3、cd mysql-3.23.42/chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
4、configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysqlchin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
5、makechin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
6、make installchin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
7、useradd mysql ; groupadd mysql ; su mysql ;(建立命名为mysql的用户和组，并切换为mysql身份)chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
8、scripts/mysql_install_db (建立数据库结构)chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
9、cd /usr/local/mysql/binchin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
10、./safe_mysqld & （启动了）chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
11、./mysqladmin -u root password "new-password"（你的新密码，记住MYSQL的密码核系统密码是独立的，缺省是没有密码）chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
12、用mysql程序试试看。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
下面的步骤都很程式化，我尽量简洁地写出。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
13、下载相关的软件包：地址表格如下chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
软件 版本 地址
jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz 6b ftp://ftp.uu.net/graphics/jpeg
zlib.tar.gz 1.1.3 ftp://ftp.uu.net/graphics/png/src
freetype-2.0.8.tar.gz 2.0.8 http://www.freetype.org
libpng-1.0.10.tar.gz 1.0.10 ftp://ftp.uu.net/graphics/png/src
gd-1.8.4.tar.gz 1.8.4 http://www.boutell.com/gd
apache_1.3.23.tar.gz 1.3.23 http://www.apache.org
php-4.1.1.tar.gz 4.1.1 http://www.php.net
number4.tar.gz 4 http://www.php.net/extra
rsaref20.tar.Z 2.0 ftp://ftp.ai.mit.edu/pub/deberg
openssl-engine-0.9.6c.tar.gz 0.9.6c http://www.openssl.org/source
mod_ssl-2.8.6-1.3.23.tar.gz 2.8.6 http://www.modssl.org
下齐了就放在/usr/local/src目录下，除了number4.tar.gz和rsaref20.tar.Z以外，其他一律用tar zxvf XXXX.tar.gz解压缩。（过瘾吧？）chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
特殊的，rsaref20.tar.Z 需要先建立一个rsaref-2.0目录，然后把rsaref20.tar.Z复制到改目录下用tar zxvf rsaref30.tar.Z释放压缩。Number4.tar.gz需要复制到php-4.1.1目录内，然后用tar zxvf number4.tar.gz解压缩。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
下面的描述我想简单一点，只写出进入目录后执行的命令。那些目录都是释放的时候自己建立的，如果你这些操作都在/usr/local/src下面执行，所有的目录就都在这里面。最好按照顺序执行。再罗嗦一句：如果不是第一次编译，一般情况请执行一次make clean后再编译。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
14、[jpeg-6b]：生成JPEG图像的函数库。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
./configure
make
make test
make install
15、[zlib-1.1.3]：压缩算法库，是PNG和JPEG需要的chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
make test
make install
16、[freetype-2.0.8]：字体库，在图像上使用字体的时候需要用到，chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make
make install
17、[libpng-1.0.10]：生成PNG图像的函数库chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
cp scripts/makefile.linux makefile
make test
pngtest pngnow.png
(如果都通过测试了，请继续。否则，看看错误提示，改正错误)
make install
18、[gd-1.8.4]：GD库，用来动态生成图像用，这里主要是配合PHP生成图像。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
编辑Makefile 文件：chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
把下列行取消注释符号（#）：chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
CFLAGS=-O -DHAVE_LIBXPM -DHAVE_LIBPNG -DHAVE_LIBJPEG
-DHAVE_LIBFREETYPE -DHAVE_LIBTTF
LIBS=-lgd -lpng -lz -ljpeg -lfreetype -lm -lttf
注释下列行（增加#）：
CFLAGS=-O -DHAVE_LIBPNG -DHAVE_LIBJPEG
LIBS=-lgd -lpng -lz -lm
修改下列行：
INCLUDEDIRS=-I. -I/usr/local/include/freetype2 -I/usr/include/X11
-I/usr/X11R6/include/X11 -I/usr/local/include
-I/usr/include/freetype
保存后执行：chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
make
make install
19、[apache_1.3.23]：步骤一 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apachechin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
20、[php-4.1.1]：chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
如果不是第一次安装，请删除：config.cache文件，然后执行先执行make cleanchin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
接下来配置环境，输入一个比较长的命令：chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
./configure
--with-apache=/usr/local/src/apache_1.3.23
--with-config-file-path=/local/apache/conf
--with-enable-versioning
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql
--with-ftp
--with-gd=/usr/local/src/gd-1.8.4
--with-enabled-bcmath=yes
--with-disable-debug
--enable-memory-limit=yes
--enable-track-vars
--with-zlib
--with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/src/jpeg-6b
--with-png-dir=/usr/local/src/libpng-1.0.10
--with-freetype-dir=/usr//local/src/freetype-2.0.8
当然你也可以实现准备一个含有上述命令的sh文件，这样改起来方便些。我就是这样做的。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
make
make install
21、[rsaref-2.0]：RSA加密模块chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
前面说过，这个目录的释放是特殊的，先见目录后释放，希望你是这样做的。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
cp -rp install/unix local
cd local
make
mv rsaref.a librsaref.a
22、[openssl-engine-0.9.6c]：openssl引擎chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
./config -prefix=/usr/local/ssl -L`pwd`/../rsaref-2.0/local/ rsaref –fPIC
make
make test
make install
23、[mod_ssl-2.8.6-1.3.23]chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
./configure --with-apache=../apache_1.3.23
24、[apache_1.3.23]步骤二chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-shared=ssl
--enable-module=ssl --activate-module=src/modules/php4/libphp4.a
make
make certificate TYPE=custom（回答一些问题）
make install
25、收尾工作：chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
编辑/usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf文件，增加一行：chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
26、用命令/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl configtest检查一下配置文件的正确性。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
27、用/usr/lcoal/apache/bin/apachectl start启动apache服务器chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
28、在/usr/local/apache/htdocs建立一个test.php文件包含下列内容：chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
<?php>
phpinfo();
?>
29、在别的机器上用浏览器看一下这个机器：http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/test.php会出现php的配置总汇，看看前面编译的模块都在不在。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
30、检验ssl很麻烦，需要用apachectl startssl启动apache然后还要生成一大堆证书。这里就不讨论了。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
31、把/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl文件复制到/etc/rc.d/init.d中，然后在/etc/rc.d/rd3.d中建立个符号连接指向/etc/rc.d/init.d中的上述文件：chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
ln -s ../init.d/apachectl S70apachectl
这样系统启动的时候就可以自动启动apache和她的哪一大堆模块了。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
呼~~~~（喘口气）到这里，就基本上完成了一个功能很全的WEB服务器系统了。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
(5)安装 ftp 服务器chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
(6)安装 pop3服务器chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
有的邮件服务器自己带pop3功能（比如Qmail、Xmail），如果你用这几种邮件服务器软件，当然就不用安装pop3了。目前，常用的邮件服务器里面不带pop3的好象只有sendmail和postfix等少数几种。这几种邮件服务器软件使用的都是系统用户，而我们安装的pop3也只是对系统用户的邮件进行弹出操作的。这里我们使用的版本和下载地址是：chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
qpopper4.0.3.tar.gz
http://www.eudora.com/qpopper_general/
同样的，把文件下载到/usr/local/src中，按照下列步骤安装：chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
tar zxvf qpopper4.0.3.tar.gz
cd qpopper4.0.3
./configure
make
make install
完成后，qpopper安装在/usr/local/sbin中（如果你愿意把它放在其他地方，可以在前面用./configure –prefix=/your_path指定），文件名叫作popper。通常情况下，popper是作为一个inetd（超级网络服务进程）的子进程加载的。这样需要编辑文件/etc/inetd.conf并做下面改动： ...chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
# POP3 mail server
#pop-3 stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd ipop3d
pop-3 stream tcp nowait root /usr/local/sbin/popper qpopper –s
...
增加黑体的这一行，注释掉原来的（上面这一行），注意，如果你的安装路经不同，记着改过来呀。然后，用下面的命令得到inetd的进程号：chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
ps –ax | grep inetd
得到结果类似：chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
248 ? S 0:00 inetd
什么？哪个是进程号？就是最前面那个数字。然后用下面的命令重新启动inetd:chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
kill –HUP 248
用下面的命令看看pop3是不是启动了。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
netstat -ln|grep 110
如果结果是这样，就恭喜了。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:110 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
这里还要补充一点，少数情况下，pop3进程需要独立的监听端口，也就是不作为inetd的子进程装载，上面过程需要做如下改动：chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
./configure的时候加上--enable-standalone参数。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
编辑/etc/inetd.conf不增加黑体一行，但需要注释掉原来的pop-3一行（如果有的话）。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
启动的时候，直接运行/usr/local/sbin/popper xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:110即可。后面的参数是本地需要几监听的IP地址和端口。注意，没有特殊需要，端口必须是110。最后要说的是：其实最简单的办法就是用你使用的Linux发行包带的pop3软件，安装的时候直接选上即可。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
php爱好 者站 http://www.ｐｈｐｆａｎｓ.net php基础|php进阶|php模板.
1、源程序下载地址是：ftp://ftp.isc.org/isc/dhcp/dhcp-3.0.tar.gz ，我们的版本是：dhcpd-3.0chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
2、复制到：/usr/local/scr后解压：tar zxvf dhcp-3.0.tar.gzchin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
3、cd /usr/local/src/dhcp-3.0.tar.gzchin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
4、./configurechin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
5、make(如果不是第一次编译，先make clean)chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
6、make installchin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
7、cp ./server/dhcpd.conf /etcchin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
8、编辑这个文件，看起来类似下面这样：（要更改的地方用粗体标出）chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
# dhcpd.conf
#
# Sample configuration file for ISC dhcpd
#
# option definitions common to all supported networks...
option domain-name "rd.xxx.com";
option domain-name-servers compaq.rd.xxx.com;
default-lease-time 86400;
max-lease-time 172800;
ddns-update-style ad-hoc;
# If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local
# network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented.
#authoritative;
# Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also
# have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection).
log-facility local7;
# No service will be given on this subnet, but declaring it helps the
# DHCP server to understand the network topology.
# This is a very basic subnet declaration.
subnet 21.9.22.0 netmask 255.255.255.224 {
range 21.9.22.2 21.9.22.6;
option routers 21.9.22.1;
}
# This declaration allows BOOTP clients to get dynamic addresses,
# which we don't really recommend.
#subnet 10.254.239.32 netmask 255.255.255.224 {
# range dynamic-bootp 10.254.239.40 10.254.239.60;
# option broadcast-address 10.254.239.31;
# option routers rtr-239-32-1.example.org;
#}
# A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet.
#subnet 10.5.5.0 netmask 255.255.255.224 {
# range 10.5.5.26 10.5.5.30;
# option domain-name-servers ns1.internal.example.org;
# option domain-name "internal.example.org";
# option routers 10.5.5.1;
# option broadcast-address 10.5.5.31;
# default-lease-time 600;
# max-lease-time 7200;
#}
# Hosts which require special configuration options can be listed in
# host statements. If no address is specified, the address will be
# allocated dynamically (if possible), but the host-specific information
# will still come from the host declaration.
#host passacaglia {
# hardware ethernet 0:0:c0:5d:bd:95;
# filename "vmunix.passacaglia";
# server-name "toccata.fugue.com";
#}
# Fixed IP addresses can also be specified for hosts. These addresses
# should not also be listed as being available for dynamic assignment.
# Hosts for which fixed IP addresses have been specified can boot using
# BOOTP or DHCP. Hosts for which no fixed address is specified can only
# be booted with DHCP, unless there is an address range on the subnet
# to which a BOOTP client is connected which has the dynamic-bootp flag
# set.
#host fantasia {
# hardware ethernet 08:00:07:26:c0:a5;
# fixed-address fantasia.fugue.com;
#}
# You can declare a class of clients and then do address allocation
# based on that. The example below shows a case where all clients
# in a certain class get addresses on the 10.17.224/24 subnet, and all
# other clients get addresses on the 10.0.29/24 subnet.
#class "foo" {
# match if substring (option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 4) = "SUNW";
#}
#shared-network 224-29 {
# subnet 10.17.224.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
# option routers rtr-224.example.org;
# }
# subnet 10.0.29.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
# option routers rtr-29.example.org;
# }
# pool {
# allow members of "foo";
# range 10.17.224.10 10.17.224.250;
# }
# pool {
# deny members of "foo";
# range 10.0.29.10 10.0.29.230;
# }
上面这个文件中后面都是注释，是原来系统给你的配置做的例子，可以不要。当然除非你用到它们，并且清楚它们的含义。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
9、建立空文件：touch /var/state/dhcp/dhcpd.leases空文件chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
10、检查内核编译选项：Networking options-----Packet socket: mmapped IO和Socket Filtering选项是否被选中（不知道怎么看？看看前面的文章，用make menuconfig呀），如果没有就需要重新编译内核了。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
11、route add -host 255.255.255.255 dev eth0chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
12、roote add -host localhost dev eth0chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
13、在/etc/rc.d/rc.local最后增加一行route add -host 255.255.255.255 dev eth0chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
14、reboot系统chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
15、用dhcpd命令启动DHCP，用其他的机器试试看能不能自动配置网络了。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
(4) 安装apache+mysql+php+gd+png+zlib+jpeg+freetype+sslmod chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
这么一大堆东西为什么要一块说呢？因为他们中间是有紧密联系的，尤其是那个PHP，用到其他所有的模块。要想PHP功能全，只能一步步来了。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
1、首先安装MYSQL：从http://www.mysql.com/downloads/index.html下载自己觉得合适的版本。这里用3.23.42版本。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
2、进入目录/usr/local/src(这个以后就不用说了吧？)解压缩：tar zxvf mysql-3.23.42.tar.gzchin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
3、cd mysql-3.23.42/chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
4、configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysqlchin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
5、makechin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
6、make installchin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
7、useradd mysql ; groupadd mysql ; su mysql ;(建立命名为mysql的用户和组，并切换为mysql身份)chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
8、scripts/mysql_install_db (建立数据库结构)chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
9、cd /usr/local/mysql/binchin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
10、./safe_mysqld & （启动了）chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
11、./mysqladmin -u root password "new-password"（你的新密码，记住MYSQL的密码核系统密码是独立的，缺省是没有密码）chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
12、用mysql程序试试看。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
下面的步骤都很程式化，我尽量简洁地写出。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
13、下载相关的软件包：地址表格如下chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
软件 版本 地址
jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz 6b ftp://ftp.uu.net/graphics/jpeg
zlib.tar.gz 1.1.3 ftp://ftp.uu.net/graphics/png/src
freetype-2.0.8.tar.gz 2.0.8 http://www.freetype.org
libpng-1.0.10.tar.gz 1.0.10 ftp://ftp.uu.net/graphics/png/src
gd-1.8.4.tar.gz 1.8.4 http://www.boutell.com/gd
apache_1.3.23.tar.gz 1.3.23 http://www.apache.org
php-4.1.1.tar.gz 4.1.1 http://www.php.net
number4.tar.gz 4 http://www.php.net/extra
rsaref20.tar.Z 2.0 ftp://ftp.ai.mit.edu/pub/deberg
openssl-engine-0.9.6c.tar.gz 0.9.6c http://www.openssl.org/source
mod_ssl-2.8.6-1.3.23.tar.gz 2.8.6 http://www.modssl.org
下齐了就放在/usr/local/src目录下，除了number4.tar.gz和rsaref20.tar.Z以外，其他一律用tar zxvf XXXX.tar.gz解压缩。（过瘾吧？）chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
特殊的，rsaref20.tar.Z 需要先建立一个rsaref-2.0目录，然后把rsaref20.tar.Z复制到改目录下用tar zxvf rsaref30.tar.Z释放压缩。Number4.tar.gz需要复制到php-4.1.1目录内，然后用tar zxvf number4.tar.gz解压缩。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
下面的描述我想简单一点，只写出进入目录后执行的命令。那些目录都是释放的时候自己建立的，如果你这些操作都在/usr/local/src下面执行，所有的目录就都在这里面。最好按照顺序执行。再罗嗦一句：如果不是第一次编译，一般情况请执行一次make clean后再编译。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
14、[jpeg-6b]：生成JPEG图像的函数库。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
./configure
make
make test
make install
15、[zlib-1.1.3]：压缩算法库，是PNG和JPEG需要的chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
make test
make install
16、[freetype-2.0.8]：字体库，在图像上使用字体的时候需要用到，chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make
make install
17、[libpng-1.0.10]：生成PNG图像的函数库chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
cp scripts/makefile.linux makefile
make test
pngtest pngnow.png
(如果都通过测试了，请继续。否则，看看错误提示，改正错误)
make install
18、[gd-1.8.4]：GD库，用来动态生成图像用，这里主要是配合PHP生成图像。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
编辑Makefile 文件：chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
把下列行取消注释符号（#）：chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
CFLAGS=-O -DHAVE_LIBXPM -DHAVE_LIBPNG -DHAVE_LIBJPEG
-DHAVE_LIBFREETYPE -DHAVE_LIBTTF
LIBS=-lgd -lpng -lz -ljpeg -lfreetype -lm -lttf
注释下列行（增加#）：
CFLAGS=-O -DHAVE_LIBPNG -DHAVE_LIBJPEG
LIBS=-lgd -lpng -lz -lm
修改下列行：
INCLUDEDIRS=-I. -I/usr/local/include/freetype2 -I/usr/include/X11
-I/usr/X11R6/include/X11 -I/usr/local/include
-I/usr/include/freetype
保存后执行：chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
make
make install
19、[apache_1.3.23]：步骤一 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apachechin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
20、[php-4.1.1]：chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
如果不是第一次安装，请删除：config.cache文件，然后执行先执行make cleanchin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
接下来配置环境，输入一个比较长的命令：chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
./configure
--with-apache=/usr/local/src/apache_1.3.23
--with-config-file-path=/local/apache/conf
--with-enable-versioning
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql
--with-ftp
--with-gd=/usr/local/src/gd-1.8.4
--with-enabled-bcmath=yes
--with-disable-debug
--enable-memory-limit=yes
--enable-track-vars
--with-zlib
--with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/src/jpeg-6b
--with-png-dir=/usr/local/src/libpng-1.0.10
--with-freetype-dir=/usr//local/src/freetype-2.0.8
当然你也可以实现准备一个含有上述命令的sh文件，这样改起来方便些。我就是这样做的。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
make
make install
21、[rsaref-2.0]：RSA加密模块chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
前面说过，这个目录的释放是特殊的，先见目录后释放，希望你是这样做的。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
cp -rp install/unix local
cd local
make
mv rsaref.a librsaref.a
22、[openssl-engine-0.9.6c]：openssl引擎chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
./config -prefix=/usr/local/ssl -L`pwd`/../rsaref-2.0/local/ rsaref –fPIC
make
make test
make install
23、[mod_ssl-2.8.6-1.3.23]chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
./configure --with-apache=../apache_1.3.23
24、[apache_1.3.23]步骤二chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-shared=ssl
--enable-module=ssl --activate-module=src/modules/php4/libphp4.a
make
make certificate TYPE=custom（回答一些问题）
make install
25、收尾工作：chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
编辑/usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf文件，增加一行：chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
26、用命令/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl configtest检查一下配置文件的正确性。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
27、用/usr/lcoal/apache/bin/apachectl start启动apache服务器chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
28、在/usr/local/apache/htdocs建立一个test.php文件包含下列内容：chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
<?php>
phpinfo();
?>
29、在别的机器上用浏览器看一下这个机器：http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/test.php会出现php的配置总汇，看看前面编译的模块都在不在。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
30、检验ssl很麻烦，需要用apachectl startssl启动apache然后还要生成一大堆证书。这里就不讨论了。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
31、把/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl文件复制到/etc/rc.d/init.d中，然后在/etc/rc.d/rd3.d中建立个符号连接指向/etc/rc.d/init.d中的上述文件：chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
ln -s ../init.d/apachectl S70apachectl
这样系统启动的时候就可以自动启动apache和她的哪一大堆模块了。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
呼~~~~（喘口气）到这里，就基本上完成了一个功能很全的WEB服务器系统了。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
(5)安装 ftp 服务器chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
(6)安装 pop3服务器chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
有的邮件服务器自己带pop3功能（比如Qmail、Xmail），如果你用这几种邮件服务器软件，当然就不用安装pop3了。目前，常用的邮件服务器里面不带pop3的好象只有sendmail和postfix等少数几种。这几种邮件服务器软件使用的都是系统用户，而我们安装的pop3也只是对系统用户的邮件进行弹出操作的。这里我们使用的版本和下载地址是：chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
qpopper4.0.3.tar.gz
http://www.eudora.com/qpopper_general/
同样的，把文件下载到/usr/local/src中，按照下列步骤安装：chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
tar zxvf qpopper4.0.3.tar.gz
cd qpopper4.0.3
./configure
make
make install
完成后，qpopper安装在/usr/local/sbin中（如果你愿意把它放在其他地方，可以在前面用./configure –prefix=/your_path指定），文件名叫作popper。通常情况下，popper是作为一个inetd（超级网络服务进程）的子进程加载的。这样需要编辑文件/etc/inetd.conf并做下面改动： ...chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
# POP3 mail server
#pop-3 stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd ipop3d
pop-3 stream tcp nowait root /usr/local/sbin/popper qpopper –s
...
增加黑体的这一行，注释掉原来的（上面这一行），注意，如果你的安装路经不同，记着改过来呀。然后，用下面的命令得到inetd的进程号：chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
ps –ax | grep inetd
得到结果类似：chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
248 ? S 0:00 inetd
什么？哪个是进程号？就是最前面那个数字。然后用下面的命令重新启动inetd:chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
kill –HUP 248
用下面的命令看看pop3是不是启动了。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
netstat -ln|grep 110
如果结果是这样，就恭喜了。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:110 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
这里还要补充一点，少数情况下，pop3进程需要独立的监听端口，也就是不作为inetd的子进程装载，上面过程需要做如下改动：chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
./configure的时候加上--enable-standalone参数。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
编辑/etc/inetd.conf不增加黑体一行，但需要注释掉原来的pop-3一行（如果有的话）。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
启动的时候，直接运行/usr/local/sbin/popper xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:110即可。后面的参数是本地需要几监听的IP地址和端口。注意，没有特殊需要，端口必须是110。最后要说的是：其实最简单的办法就是用你使用的Linux发行包带的pop3软件，安装的时候直接选上即可。chin a i t p oe er . co mPp1rw
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