Fedora yum配置建立新文件优化加速

时间：2010-09-22 来源：mydear

想知道到Fedora yum配置系统的真相么，想知道Fedora yum配置系统中藏有的内在奥义么，只有我来给大家全面讲解介绍Fedora yum配置系统以前用Fedora yum配置很方便,可是来到RHLE就不是那么顺手了,如果不做如下设置,经常出现不能通过Fedora yum配置安装软件的情况,下面是详细配置(网上找的)

首先，rhel5系统安装的时候其实已经有Fedora yum配置了，只是因为如果用官方的网站更新的话除非你是用钱买的rhel5.否则它会提示注册之类的。所以只要把 Fedora yum配置的更新地址改成开源的就行了。而限定yum更新地址的文件在/etc/yum.repos.d/里。先把它们改成备份文件，即在后面加.bak。

[root@killgoogle ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-debuginfo.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-debuginfo.repo.bak
[root@killgoogle ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/rpmforge.repo.rpmnew /etc/yum.repos.d/rpmforge.repo.rpmnew.bak

建立新的Fedora yum配置文件：

[root@killgoogle ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d
[root@killgoogle ~]# touch rhel-debuginfo.repo
[root@killgoogle ~]# touch mirrors-rpmforge
[root@killgoogle ~]# touch rpmforge.repo

往新的Fedora yum配置文件写东西：

[root@killgoogle ~]#vi rhel-debuginfo.repo
[base]
name=CentOS-5 - Base
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever5&arch=$basearch&
repo=os
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
#released updates
[update]
name=CentOS-5 - Updates
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
#packages used/produced in the build but not released
[addons]
name=CentOS-5 - Addons
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=addons
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/addons/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-5 - Extras
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-5 - Plus
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-5 - Contrib
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/contrib/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
# vi dag.repo
[dag]
name=Dag RPM Repository for RHEL5
baseurl=http://ftp.riken.jp/Linux/dag/redhat/el5/en/$basearch/dag/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://ftp.riken.jp/Linux/dag/packages/RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt

修改第二个Fedora yum配置文件：

[root@killgoogle ~]vi mirrors-rpmforge
http://apt.sw.be/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
http://archive.cs.uu.nl/mirror/dag.wieers/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
http://ftp2.lcpe.uni-sofia.bg/freshrpms/pub/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
#http://ftp.heanet.ie/pub/freshrpms/pub/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
http://ftp-stud.fht-esslingen.de/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
http://mirror.cpsc.ucalgary.ca/mirror/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
http://mirrors.ircam.fr/pub/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
http://rh-mirror.linux.iastate.edu/pub/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
http://rpmfind.net/linux/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
http://wftp.tu-chemnitz.de/pub/linux/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/apt.sw.be/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag

修改第三个Fedora yum配置文件：

[root@killgoogle ~]# vi rpmforge.repo
# Name: RPMforge RPM Repository for Red Hat Enterprise 5 - dag
# URL: http://rpmforge.net/
[rpmforge]
name = Red Hat Enterprise $releasever - RPMforge.net - dag
#baseurl = http://apt.sw.be/redhat/el5/en/$basearch/dag
mirrorlist = http://apt.sw.be/redhat/el5/en/mirrors-rpmforge
#mirrorlist = file:///etc/yum.repos.d/mirrors-rpmforge
enabled = 1
protect = 0
gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge-dag
gpgcheck = 1

如果风速慢的话可以通过增加Fedora yum配置的超时时间，这样就不会总是因为超时而退出。 [root@killgoogle ~]vi /etc/yum.conf 加上这么一句：timeout=120
到这里配置差不多就完了。

还有一个包需要安装：rpmforge-release-0.3.6-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm 如果不安装的话有可能会出现以下错误：GPG key retrieval failed: [Errno 5] OSError: [Errno 2] 没有那个文件或目录: '/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge-dag' 到http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/找到这个包，然后 [root@killgoogle ~]rpm -ivh rpmforge-release-0.3.6-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm 接下来就是输入KEY了。 [root@killgoogle ~] rpm --import http://mirror.be10.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5这样基本上yum就可以用了。

不过如果觉得不爽的话还可以优化：加速yum [root@killgoogle ~]yum install yum-fastestmirror yum-presto 指定或去掉软件源的mirror: 可以在baseurl中将比较慢的mirror去掉你的Fedora yum配置镜像的速度测试记录文件： /var/cache/yum/timedhosts.txt yum Existing lock 错误的解决办法

如果系统启动的时候，Fedora yum配置出现Existing lock /var/run/yum.pid: another copy is running as pid 3380. Aborting. 可以用下面的办法解决： [root@killgoogle ~]/etc/init.d/yum-updatesd stop 也可以用以下方法：[root@killgoogle ~]rm -f /var/run/yum.pid 主要原因就是yum在自动更新只要关掉它就可以了完了。现在就可以测试能不能用了哦： [root@killgoogle ~]yum install mplayer 这是安装mplayer如果要删除则是： [root@killgoogle ~]yum remove mplayer .