Writing a keyboard driver
时间：2010-08-31 来源：sinodragon21
AxessTerminated
June 14th, 2005, 03:52 AM
Okay, I found a simple tutorial on writing a keyboard driver: http://www.geocities.com/dev_das_2k/keyboard_driver.html
The code:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <dos.h>
#include <conio.h>
#define INTR 0X09 /*The interrupt number for keyboard*/
/*These r scan codes of non-displayable keys*/
#define NIL -1
#define ESC 27
#define CTRL 29
#define SHFT 42
#define ALT 56
#define CAPS 58
#define F1 59
#define F2 60
#define F3 61
#define F4 62
#define F5 63
#define F6 64
#define F7 65
#define F8 66
#define F9 67
#define F10 68
#define NUM 69
#define SCRL 70
#define HOME 71
#define UP 72
#define PGUP 73
#define LEFT 75
#define FIVE 76
#define RGHT 77
#define END 79
#define DOWN 80
#define PGDN 81
#define INS 82
#define DEL 83
#define F11 87
#define F12 88
#define WIN 91
#define RTCK 93
#define POWR 94
#define SLEP 95
#define WAKE 99
/*The scancode-to-ASCII table*/
char ascii[]= {
NIL, ESC, '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8',
'9', '0', '-', '=', '\b', '\t', 'q', 'w', 'e', 'r',
't', 'y', 'u', 'i', 'o', 'p', '[', ']', '\n', CTRL,
'a', 's', 'd', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'j', 'k', 'l', ';',
'\'', '`', SHFT, '\\', 'z', 'x', 'c', 'v', 'b', 'n',
'm', ',', '.', '/', SHFT, '*', ALT, ' ', CAPS, F1,
F2, F3, F4, F5, F6, F7, F8, F9, F10, NUM,
SCRL,HOME, UP, PGUP, '-', LEFT, FIVE, RGHT, '+', END,
DOWN, PGDN, INS, DEL, NIL, NIL, NIL, F11, F12, NIL,
NIL, WIN, WIN, RTCK, POWR, SLEP, NIL, NIL, NIL, WAKE
};
/*function pointer to save the old interrupt handler*/
void interrupt ( *oldhandler)(...);
/*our new interrupt handler. When u press a key, this function gets called*/
void interrupt handler(...)
{
unsigned char scan_code = inportb(0x60); /*read scancode byte from port 0x60*/
/* when the key is pressed,the MSB is cleared so check for this condition*/
if(!(scan_code & 0x80))
printf("%c",ascii[scan_code]);
outportb(0x20,0x20); /*acknowledge PIC that we have received interrupt*/
oldhandler(); /*call the old handler to do its work*/
}
void main()
{
/*save the old interrupt vector*/
oldhandler = getvect(INTR);
/*install the new interrupt handler*/
setvect(INTR, handler);
/*A delay of 10 seconds. What ever u type in this period,will be displayed by our new interrupt handler*/
delay(10000);
/*reset the old interrupt handler*/
setvect(INTR, oldhandler);
}
Alright, now I understand all the code, and I use Dev-C++. Do I just open it and hit "Compile"...and rename the EXE to VXD? I'd have to write an INF to install it..but is there anything else to it....would it work in Windows?
A_T sec_ware June 14th, 2005, 07:41 AM Hi
This piece of code looks like a DOS program to me (getvect, setvect,
hardware interrupt 0x09). Reminds me of the good old TSR time :)
What is the operating system you are running?
With Windows 95[1], VXD (virtual device driver) has been introduced.
Have a look at Techsoft's VxDWriter[2] for a beginning and download
the linked DDK. Usually, these drivers are part in the [386Enh] section
of the system.ini file.
Starting with Windows 98, the WDM[3] (Windows Driver Model) became
standard. The best (multipart) tutorial is on thecodeproject.com[4].
Cheers
[1] http://www.microsoft.com/technet/archive/win95/rk18_cfg.mspx
[2] http://www.techsoftpl.com/vxd/
[3] http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/kmarch/hh/kmarch/WDMIntro_d5b4fea2-e96b-4880-b610-92e6d96f32be.xml.asp
[4] http://www.thecodeproject.com/system/driverdev.asp
http://www.thecodeproject.com/system/driverdev2.asp
http://www.thecodeproject.com/win32/driverdev3.asp
http://www.thecodeproject.com/system/driverdev4asp.asp
http://www.codeproject.com/system/driverdev5asp.asp AxessTerminated June 14th, 2005, 12:22 PM So I can use a TSR compiler to compile this as EXE or COM? I'd then rename it to .DRV and copy it to a DOS floppy?
Any TSR compilers you reccommend?
A_T SirDice June 14th, 2005, 04:06 PM A TSR (Terminate and Stay Resident) is a special executable. You don't need a special compiler for it.
But it's a really, really old skool way of running multiple programs from the MS-DOS era when there was no multitasking.. I doubt it'll work properly with win9x and later..
There's loads of info on MSDN on writing drivers for windows.. You're probably going to need the DDK (Driver Development Kit).. Have a look at that to.. IIRC it comes with lots of documentation and some examples for you to play with... AxessTerminated June 14th, 2005, 04:22 PM Well, how would I go about compiling this as TSR? I use Dev-C++ 5. Also, after I compile it, it's going to leave me with keyboard.exe, can I just change the extension to .DRV and try it out? Maybe I can find an old-school DOS diskette lying around and try it out in there...
A_T AxessTerminated June 14th, 2005, 04:40 PM Update: I've tried compiling with Dev-C++. Here's the output and all the errors.
Compiler: Default compiler
Compiler: Default compiler
Executing g++.exe...
g++.exe "C:\Documents and Settings\AxessTerminated\Desktop\driver.cpp" -o "C:\Documents and Settings\AxessTerminated\Desktop\driver.exe" -I"C:\Dev-Cpp\lib\gcc\mingw32\3.4.2\include" -I"C:\Dev-Cpp\include\c++\3.4.2\backward" -I"C:\Dev-Cpp\include\c++\3.4.2\mingw32" -I"C:\Dev-Cpp\include\c++\3.4.2" -I"C:\Dev-Cpp\include" -L"C:\Dev-Cpp\lib"
C:\Documents and Settings\AxessTerminated\Desktop\driver.cpp:63: error: variable or field `interrupt' declared void
C:\Documents and Settings\AxessTerminated\Desktop\driver.cpp:63: error: `oldhandler' was not declared in this scope
C:\Documents and Settings\AxessTerminated\Desktop\driver.cpp:63: error: expected `,' or `;' before '(' token
C:\Documents and Settings\AxessTerminated\Desktop\driver.cpp:66: error: `interrupt' does not name a type
C:\Documents and Settings\AxessTerminated\Desktop\driver.cpp:79: error: `main' must return `int'
C:\Documents and Settings\AxessTerminated\Desktop\driver.cpp: In function `int main(...)':
C:\Documents and Settings\AxessTerminated\Desktop\driver.cpp:81: error: `oldhandler' undeclared (first use this function)
C:\Documents and Settings\AxessTerminated\Desktop\driver.cpp:81: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once for each function it appears in.)
C:\Documents and Settings\AxessTerminated\Desktop\driver.cpp:81: error: `getvect' undeclared (first use this function)
C:\Documents and Settings\AxessTerminated\Desktop\driver.cpp:84: error: `handler' undeclared (first use this function)
C:\Documents and Settings\AxessTerminated\Desktop\driver.cpp:84: error: `setvect' undeclared (first use this function)
C:\Documents and Settings\AxessTerminated\Desktop\driver.cpp:87: error: `delay' undeclared (first use this function)
Execution terminated sec_ware June 14th, 2005, 10:24 PM Hi
AxessTerminated, tell us what you want to accomplish (... :) )
based on which operating system, and some of us might be able to help
you to continue. Writing drivers can be quite a complex and specific task
to perform. Maybe you just have to look into GetAsyncKeyState[1] ?
If you really want to - you might be able to use this particular piece of
code by starting an emulator and/or by booting a PC with an old dos disk.
In addition, you need a 16bit compiler (e.g. Turbo-C[2]), which
knows the keyword interrupt. Obviously, Dev-C++ does not know it,
and hence, the whole compilation aborts.
interrupt
The interrupt keyword was a keyword to modify the calling method of
a function. All registers were pushed to the stack prior to execution -
in the end, all registers were popd from the stack, the return was
given by IRET. As SirDice pointed out: this is quite dated,
and nowadays, obsolete in standard systems.
Again, as mentioned by myself an SirDice - do some reading first
and have a look at the DDKs[3].
Cheers.
/edit:
Nostalgia: Just checked the web for a Turbo-C compiler. I have found
the version 2.0, for which I have the reference book :)
[1] http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/winui/winui/windowsuserinterface/userinput/keyboardinput/keyboardinputreference/keyboardinputfunctions/getasynckeystate.asp
[2] http://bdn.borland.com/article/0,1410,20841,00.html
[3] http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/devtools/ddk/default.mspx AxessTerminated June 15th, 2005, 03:55 AM I want to be able to compile this, try it out, make changes...I've always wanted to get into Linux driver development...but I'm still a bit new to C++, so I'm learning with DOS first.
A_T
The code:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <dos.h>
#include <conio.h>
#define INTR 0X09 /*The interrupt number for keyboard*/
/*These r scan codes of non-displayable keys*/
#define NIL -1
#define ESC 27
#define CTRL 29
#define SHFT 42
#define ALT 56
#define CAPS 58
#define F1 59
#define F2 60
#define F3 61
#define F4 62
#define F5 63
#define F6 64
#define F7 65
#define F8 66
#define F9 67
#define F10 68
#define NUM 69
#define SCRL 70
#define HOME 71
#define UP 72
#define PGUP 73
#define LEFT 75
#define FIVE 76
#define RGHT 77
#define END 79
#define DOWN 80
#define PGDN 81
#define INS 82
#define DEL 83
#define F11 87
#define F12 88
#define WIN 91
#define RTCK 93
#define POWR 94
#define SLEP 95
#define WAKE 99
/*The scancode-to-ASCII table*/
char ascii[]= {
NIL, ESC, '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8',
'9', '0', '-', '=', '\b', '\t', 'q', 'w', 'e', 'r',
't', 'y', 'u', 'i', 'o', 'p', '[', ']', '\n', CTRL,
'a', 's', 'd', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'j', 'k', 'l', ';',
'\'', '`', SHFT, '\\', 'z', 'x', 'c', 'v', 'b', 'n',
'm', ',', '.', '/', SHFT, '*', ALT, ' ', CAPS, F1,
F2, F3, F4, F5, F6, F7, F8, F9, F10, NUM,
SCRL,HOME, UP, PGUP, '-', LEFT, FIVE, RGHT, '+', END,
DOWN, PGDN, INS, DEL, NIL, NIL, NIL, F11, F12, NIL,
NIL, WIN, WIN, RTCK, POWR, SLEP, NIL, NIL, NIL, WAKE
};
/*function pointer to save the old interrupt handler*/
void interrupt ( *oldhandler)(...);
/*our new interrupt handler. When u press a key, this function gets called*/
void interrupt handler(...)
{
unsigned char scan_code = inportb(0x60); /*read scancode byte from port 0x60*/
/* when the key is pressed,the MSB is cleared so check for this condition*/
if(!(scan_code & 0x80))
printf("%c",ascii[scan_code]);
outportb(0x20,0x20); /*acknowledge PIC that we have received interrupt*/
oldhandler(); /*call the old handler to do its work*/
}
void main()
{
/*save the old interrupt vector*/
oldhandler = getvect(INTR);
/*install the new interrupt handler*/
setvect(INTR, handler);
/*A delay of 10 seconds. What ever u type in this period,will be displayed by our new interrupt handler*/
delay(10000);
/*reset the old interrupt handler*/
setvect(INTR, oldhandler);
}
Alright, now I understand all the code, and I use Dev-C++. Do I just open it and hit "Compile"...and rename the EXE to VXD? I'd have to write an INF to install it..but is there anything else to it....would it work in Windows?
A_T sec_ware June 14th, 2005, 07:41 AM Hi
This piece of code looks like a DOS program to me (getvect, setvect,
hardware interrupt 0x09). Reminds me of the good old TSR time :)
What is the operating system you are running?
With Windows 95[1], VXD (virtual device driver) has been introduced.
Have a look at Techsoft's VxDWriter[2] for a beginning and download
the linked DDK. Usually, these drivers are part in the [386Enh] section
of the system.ini file.
Starting with Windows 98, the WDM[3] (Windows Driver Model) became
standard. The best (multipart) tutorial is on thecodeproject.com[4].
Cheers
[1] http://www.microsoft.com/technet/archive/win95/rk18_cfg.mspx
[2] http://www.techsoftpl.com/vxd/
[3] http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/kmarch/hh/kmarch/WDMIntro_d5b4fea2-e96b-4880-b610-92e6d96f32be.xml.asp
[4] http://www.thecodeproject.com/system/driverdev.asp
http://www.thecodeproject.com/system/driverdev2.asp
http://www.thecodeproject.com/win32/driverdev3.asp
http://www.thecodeproject.com/system/driverdev4asp.asp
http://www.codeproject.com/system/driverdev5asp.asp AxessTerminated June 14th, 2005, 12:22 PM So I can use a TSR compiler to compile this as EXE or COM? I'd then rename it to .DRV and copy it to a DOS floppy?
Any TSR compilers you reccommend?
A_T SirDice June 14th, 2005, 04:06 PM A TSR (Terminate and Stay Resident) is a special executable. You don't need a special compiler for it.
But it's a really, really old skool way of running multiple programs from the MS-DOS era when there was no multitasking.. I doubt it'll work properly with win9x and later..
There's loads of info on MSDN on writing drivers for windows.. You're probably going to need the DDK (Driver Development Kit).. Have a look at that to.. IIRC it comes with lots of documentation and some examples for you to play with... AxessTerminated June 14th, 2005, 04:22 PM Well, how would I go about compiling this as TSR? I use Dev-C++ 5. Also, after I compile it, it's going to leave me with keyboard.exe, can I just change the extension to .DRV and try it out? Maybe I can find an old-school DOS diskette lying around and try it out in there...
A_T AxessTerminated June 14th, 2005, 04:40 PM Update: I've tried compiling with Dev-C++. Here's the output and all the errors.
Compiler: Default compiler
Compiler: Default compiler
Executing g++.exe...
g++.exe "C:\Documents and Settings\AxessTerminated\Desktop\driver.cpp" -o "C:\Documents and Settings\AxessTerminated\Desktop\driver.exe" -I"C:\Dev-Cpp\lib\gcc\mingw32\3.4.2\include" -I"C:\Dev-Cpp\include\c++\3.4.2\backward" -I"C:\Dev-Cpp\include\c++\3.4.2\mingw32" -I"C:\Dev-Cpp\include\c++\3.4.2" -I"C:\Dev-Cpp\include" -L"C:\Dev-Cpp\lib"
C:\Documents and Settings\AxessTerminated\Desktop\driver.cpp:63: error: variable or field `interrupt' declared void
C:\Documents and Settings\AxessTerminated\Desktop\driver.cpp:63: error: `oldhandler' was not declared in this scope
C:\Documents and Settings\AxessTerminated\Desktop\driver.cpp:63: error: expected `,' or `;' before '(' token
C:\Documents and Settings\AxessTerminated\Desktop\driver.cpp:66: error: `interrupt' does not name a type
C:\Documents and Settings\AxessTerminated\Desktop\driver.cpp:79: error: `main' must return `int'
C:\Documents and Settings\AxessTerminated\Desktop\driver.cpp: In function `int main(...)':
C:\Documents and Settings\AxessTerminated\Desktop\driver.cpp:81: error: `oldhandler' undeclared (first use this function)
C:\Documents and Settings\AxessTerminated\Desktop\driver.cpp:81: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once for each function it appears in.)
C:\Documents and Settings\AxessTerminated\Desktop\driver.cpp:81: error: `getvect' undeclared (first use this function)
C:\Documents and Settings\AxessTerminated\Desktop\driver.cpp:84: error: `handler' undeclared (first use this function)
C:\Documents and Settings\AxessTerminated\Desktop\driver.cpp:84: error: `setvect' undeclared (first use this function)
C:\Documents and Settings\AxessTerminated\Desktop\driver.cpp:87: error: `delay' undeclared (first use this function)
Execution terminated sec_ware June 14th, 2005, 10:24 PM Hi
AxessTerminated, tell us what you want to accomplish (... :) )
based on which operating system, and some of us might be able to help
you to continue. Writing drivers can be quite a complex and specific task
to perform. Maybe you just have to look into GetAsyncKeyState[1] ?
If you really want to - you might be able to use this particular piece of
code by starting an emulator and/or by booting a PC with an old dos disk.
In addition, you need a 16bit compiler (e.g. Turbo-C[2]), which
knows the keyword interrupt. Obviously, Dev-C++ does not know it,
and hence, the whole compilation aborts.
interrupt
The interrupt keyword was a keyword to modify the calling method of
a function. All registers were pushed to the stack prior to execution -
in the end, all registers were popd from the stack, the return was
given by IRET. As SirDice pointed out: this is quite dated,
and nowadays, obsolete in standard systems.
Again, as mentioned by myself an SirDice - do some reading first
and have a look at the DDKs[3].
Cheers.
/edit:
Nostalgia: Just checked the web for a Turbo-C compiler. I have found
the version 2.0, for which I have the reference book :)
[1] http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/winui/winui/windowsuserinterface/userinput/keyboardinput/keyboardinputreference/keyboardinputfunctions/getasynckeystate.asp
[2] http://bdn.borland.com/article/0,1410,20841,00.html
[3] http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/devtools/ddk/default.mspx AxessTerminated June 15th, 2005, 03:55 AM I want to be able to compile this, try it out, make changes...I've always wanted to get into Linux driver development...but I'm still a bit new to C++, so I'm learning with DOS first.
A_T
相关阅读 更多 +
