JS数组方法汇总 array数组元素的添加和删除
时间:2010-08-26 来源:与时俱进
js数组元素的添加和删除一直比较迷惑,今天终于找到详细说明的资料了,先给个我测试的代码^-^
var arr = new Array();
arr[0] = "aaa";
arr[1] = "bbb";
arr[2] = "ccc";
//alert(arr.length);//3
arr.pop();
//alert(arr.length);//2
//alert(arr[arr.length-1]);//bbb
arr.pop();
//alert(arr[arr.length-1]);//aaa
//alert(arr.length);//1
var arr2 = new Array(); //alert(arr2.length);//0 arr2[0] = "aaa"; arr2[1] = "bbb"; //alert(arr2.length);//2 arr2.pop(); //alert(arr2.length);//1 arr2 = arr2.slice(0,arr2.length-1); //alert(arr2.length);//0 arr2[0] = "aaa"; arr2[1] = "bbb"; arr2[2] = "ccc"; arr2 = arr2.slice(0,1); alert(arr2.length);//1 alert(arr2[0]);//aaa alert(arr2[1]);//undefined
shift:删除原数组第一项,并返回删除元素的值;如果数组为空则返回undefined var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.shift(); //a:[2,3,4,5] b:1
unshift:将参数添加到原数组开头,并返回数组的长度 var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.unshift(-2,-1); //a:[-2,-1,1,2,3,4,5] b:7 注:在IE6.0下测试返回值总为undefined,FF2.0下测试返回值为7,所以这个方法的返回值不可靠,需要用返回值时可用splice代替本方法来使用。
pop:删除原数组最后一项,并返回删除元素的值;如果数组为空则返回undefined var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.pop(); //a:[1,2,3,4] b:5 //不用返回的话直接调用就可以了
push:将参数添加到原数组末尾,并返回数组的长度 var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.push(6,7); //a:[1,2,3,4,5,6,7] b:7
concat:返回一个新数组,是将参数添加到原数组中构成的 var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.concat(6,7); //a:[1,2,3,4,5] b:[1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
splice(start,deleteCount,val1,val2,...):从start位置开始删除deleteCount项,并从该位置起插入val1,val2,... var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.splice(2,2,7,8,9); //a:[1,2,7,8,9,5] b:[3,4] var b = a.splice(0,1); //同shift a.splice(0,0,-2,-1); var b = a.length; //同unshift var b = a.splice(a.length-1,1); //同pop a.splice(a.length,0,6,7); var b = a.length; //同push
reverse:将数组反序 var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.reverse(); //a:[5,4,3,2,1] b:[5,4,3,2,1]
sort(orderfunction):按指定的参数对数组进行排序 var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.sort(); //a:[1,2,3,4,5] b:[1,2,3,4,5]
slice(start,end):返回从原数组中指定开始下标到结束下标之间的项组成的新数组 var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.slice(2,5); //a:[1,2,3,4,5] b:[3,4,5]
join(separator):将数组的元素组起一个字符串,以separator为分隔符,省略的话则用默认用逗号为分隔符 var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.join("|"); //a:[1,2,3,4,5] b:"1|2|3|4|5"
再给个利用数组模拟javaStringBuffer处理字符串的方法:
/** * 字符串处理函数 */ function StringBuffer() { var arr = new Array; this.append = function(str) { arr[arr.length] = str; };
this.toString = function() { return arr.join(""); //把append进来的数组ping成一个字符串 }; }
var arr2 = new Array(); //alert(arr2.length);//0 arr2[0] = "aaa"; arr2[1] = "bbb"; //alert(arr2.length);//2 arr2.pop(); //alert(arr2.length);//1 arr2 = arr2.slice(0,arr2.length-1); //alert(arr2.length);//0 arr2[0] = "aaa"; arr2[1] = "bbb"; arr2[2] = "ccc"; arr2 = arr2.slice(0,1); alert(arr2.length);//1 alert(arr2[0]);//aaa alert(arr2[1]);//undefined
shift:删除原数组第一项,并返回删除元素的值;如果数组为空则返回undefined var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.shift(); //a:[2,3,4,5] b:1
unshift:将参数添加到原数组开头,并返回数组的长度 var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.unshift(-2,-1); //a:[-2,-1,1,2,3,4,5] b:7 注:在IE6.0下测试返回值总为undefined,FF2.0下测试返回值为7,所以这个方法的返回值不可靠,需要用返回值时可用splice代替本方法来使用。
pop:删除原数组最后一项,并返回删除元素的值;如果数组为空则返回undefined var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.pop(); //a:[1,2,3,4] b:5 //不用返回的话直接调用就可以了
push:将参数添加到原数组末尾,并返回数组的长度 var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.push(6,7); //a:[1,2,3,4,5,6,7] b:7
concat:返回一个新数组,是将参数添加到原数组中构成的 var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.concat(6,7); //a:[1,2,3,4,5] b:[1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
splice(start,deleteCount,val1,val2,...):从start位置开始删除deleteCount项,并从该位置起插入val1,val2,... var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.splice(2,2,7,8,9); //a:[1,2,7,8,9,5] b:[3,4] var b = a.splice(0,1); //同shift a.splice(0,0,-2,-1); var b = a.length; //同unshift var b = a.splice(a.length-1,1); //同pop a.splice(a.length,0,6,7); var b = a.length; //同push
reverse:将数组反序 var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.reverse(); //a:[5,4,3,2,1] b:[5,4,3,2,1]
sort(orderfunction):按指定的参数对数组进行排序 var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.sort(); //a:[1,2,3,4,5] b:[1,2,3,4,5]
slice(start,end):返回从原数组中指定开始下标到结束下标之间的项组成的新数组 var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.slice(2,5); //a:[1,2,3,4,5] b:[3,4,5]
join(separator):将数组的元素组起一个字符串,以separator为分隔符,省略的话则用默认用逗号为分隔符 var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; var b = a.join("|"); //a:[1,2,3,4,5] b:"1|2|3|4|5"
再给个利用数组模拟javaStringBuffer处理字符串的方法:
/** * 字符串处理函数 */ function StringBuffer() { var arr = new Array; this.append = function(str) { arr[arr.length] = str; };
this.toString = function() { return arr.join(""); //把append进来的数组ping成一个字符串 }; }
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