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php爱好者> php文档>关于SQL Server 2005的学习笔记—分析函数

关于SQL Server 2005的学习笔记—分析函数

时间:2010-04-12  来源:shajdiv

SQLServer2005 提供了几个有用的分析函数如 ROW_NUMBER,NTILE,RANK,DENSE_RANK ,从而大大简化了编程 方式,并提供了系统性能。

  此外根据测试 MAX,MIN,AVG 之类的统计函数还是可以在分析函数中应用的,不过和 Oracle 的处理有点不一样,好像无法应用 OVER 中的 ORDER BY 子句,大概是不够成熟导致的。

  SQLServer2005 提供的函数也远不如 Oracle10G 来的丰富,类似 STDDEV 之类的统计分析函数仅在 MDX 中提供;不过其他一些数据分布的分析函数可以采用变通的方式予以实现。

  经过测试,以下代码 可以在 SQLServer2005 和 Oracle10g 中同时运行,结果顺序有少许不一致。

  -- 创建相关测试表

  CREATE TABLE Sales

  (

  EmpID VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,

  MgrID VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,

  Qty INT NOT NULL

  );

  INSERT INTO Sales VALUES('A','Z',300);

  INSERT INTO Sales VALUES('B','X',100);

  INSERT INTO Sales VALUES('C','X',200);

  INSERT INTO Sales VALUES('D','Y',200);

  INSERT INTO Sales VALUES('E','Z',250);

  INSERT INTO Sales VALUES('F','Z',300);

  INSERT INTO Sales VALUES('G','X',100);

  INSERT INTO Sales VALUES('H','Y',150);

  INSERT INTO Sales VALUES('I','X',250);

  INSERT INTO Sales VALUES('J','Z',100);

  INSERT INTO Sales VALUES('K','Y',250);

  --ROW_NUMBER 函数

  SELECT EmpID,MgrID,Qty,

  ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY Qty) AS RowNum_BY_Qty,

  ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY Qty,EmpID) AS RowNum_BY_EmpIDQty,

  ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY MgrID ORDER BY Qty,EmpID) AS RowNum_BY_MgrID_EmpIDQty

  FROM Sales

  ORDER BY Qty

  -- 等效语句

  SELECT EmpID,Qty,

  (SELECT COUNT(*)

  FROM Sales S2

  WHERE S2.Qty

  OR (S2.Qty=S1.Qty AND S2.EmpID<=S1.EmpID)) RowNum

  FROM Sales S1

  ORDER BY Qty,EmpID

  -- 等效语句

  SELECT MgrID,EmpID,Qty,

  (SELECT COUNT(*)

  FROM Sales S2

  WHERE S2.MgrID=S1.MgrID

  AND (S2.Qty

  OR (S2.Qty=S1.Qty AND S2.EmpID<=S1.EmpID))) RowNum

  FROM Sales S1

  ORDER BY MgrID,Qty,EmpID

  --RANK 函数和 DENSE_RANK 函数

  SELECT EmpID,MgrID,Qty,

  RANK() OVER(ORDER BY Qty) AS Rank,

  DENSE_RANK() OVER(ORDER BY Qty) AS Dense_Rank,

  RANK() OVER(PARTITION BY MgrID ORDER BY Qty) AS Rank_Partition,

  DENSE_RANK() OVER(PARTITION BY MgrID ORDER BY Qty) AS Dense_Rank_Partition

  FROM Sales

  ORDER BY Qty

  --NTILE 函数

  SELECT EmpID,MgrID,Qty,

  NTILE(3) OVER(ORDER BY Qty) AS Ntile_BY_Qty,

  NTILE(3) OVER(ORDER BY Qty,EmpID) AS Ntile_BY_EmpIDQty,

  NTILE(3) OVER(PARTITION BY MgrID ORDER BY Qty,EmpID) AS Ntile_BY_MgrID_EmpIDQty

  FROM Sales

  ORDER BY MgrID,Qty

  关于这些函数的实现原理和 Oracle 是完全一致的,在此不多做叙述

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