Perl 遍历散列收藏

我们在遍历二维或多维的散列时, 可以采用递归的方法.

1. 首先查看每个value的值类型, 如HASH, ARRAY, 还是简单的标量

2. 如果value的值类型是HASH,则递归直到找到相应的ARRAY 或者标量

3. 如果value的值类型是ARRAY,则通过循环打印出各个元素

4. 如果value的值类型是标量,则直接打印

my %kids_of_wife;
$kids_of_wife{"Jacob"}{"John"} = {"Leah" => ["Reuben", "Simeon", "Levi", "Judah", "Issachar", "Zebulun"],
                           "Rachel" => ["Joseph", "Benjamin"],
                           "Bilhah" => ["Dan", "Naphtali"],
                            "Zilpah" => ["Gad", "Asher"],};
my @array = (1,2,3,4,5);
@{$kids_of_wife{"Jacob"}{"John"}{"Betty"}} = @array;

$kids_of_wife{"Jacob1"}{"John1"} = {"Leah1" => ["Reuben1", "Simeon1", "Levi1", "Judah1", "Issachar1", "Zebulun1"],
                           "Rachel1" => ["Joseph1", "Benjamin1"],
                           "Bilhah1" => ["Dan1", "Naphtali1"],
                           "Zilpah1" => ["Gad1", "Asher1"],};

my %a;
$a{m}{n}=1;
$a{m}{n2}=5;
$a{m}{n3}=2;
$a{m1}{n}=1;

$a{m1}{q}=8;
PrintHash(\%a, "");
PrintHash(\%kids_of_wife, $keyWord);

sub PrintHash
{
    my ($hash, $keyWord) = @_;
    if ($hash =~ /^HASH/)
    {
         while(my ($key,$value)=each(%$hash))
        {
            if ($value =~ /^HASH/)
            {
                $keyWord = $keyWord."$key\:\:";
                PrintHash($value,$keyWord  );
                $keyWord = "";
            }
            elsif ($value =~ /^ARRAY/)
            {
                my @array = @{$value};
                print "$keyWord$key => ";
                foreach (@array)
                {
                    print "$_  ";
                }
            }
            else
            {
                print "$keyWord$key => $value\n";
            }
            print "\n";
        }
    }
}

Result:

m1::n => 1
m1::q => 8
m::n => 1
m::n2 => 5
m::n3 => 2
Jacob1::John1::Rachel1 => Joseph1  Benjamin1
Jacob1::John1::Leah1 => Reuben1  Simeon1  Levi1  Judah1  Issachar1  Zebulun1
Jacob1::John1::Zilpah1 => Gad1  Asher1
Jacob1::John1::Bilhah1 => Dan1  Naphtali1
Jacob::John::Zilpah => Gad  Asher
Jacob::John::Bilhah => Dan  Naphtali
Jacob::John::Leah => Reuben  Simeon  Levi  Judah  Issachar  Zebulun
Jacob::John::Betty => 1  2  3  4  5
Jacob::John::Rachel => Joseph  Benjamin