sendmail服务器设置与认证
时间：2007-07-05 来源：weiyue57
RHEL4 的 sendmail 安装：
Rpm包: sendmail-cf-8.13.1-2
sendmail-8.13.1-2
m4-1.4.1-16
dovecot-0.99.11-2.EL4.1 (提供imap或pop3)
cyrus-sasl-gssapi-2.1.19-5.EL4
cyrus-sasl-md5-2.1.19-5.EL4
cyrus-sasl-plain-2.1.19-5.EL4
cyrus-sasl-2.1.19-5.EL4
主要配置文件: /etc/mail/sendmail.cf(但sendmail.cf是一般人不能看懂的,所以我们要用m4(宏配置)对/etc/mail/sendmail.mc修改来生成对sendmail.cf的修改)
# m4 /etc/sendmail.mc > /etc/sendmail.cf
/etc/mail/access
/etc/mail/local-host-names
/etc/mail/aliases
/etc/mail/relay-domains
邮件服务器的运行离不开dns的设置,首先我们要有一个邮件服务器记录
在这里我的域是rhce.com
本机既是邮件服务器也是dns服务器,ip为192.168.1.2
[root@rhel-1 ~]# nslookup
> set q=mx
> rhce.com
Server: 192.168.1.2
Address: 192.168.1.2#53
rhce.com mail exchanger = 10 mail.rhce.com.
Ø Exit
如果上面的存在,现在开始配置:
Sendmail.mc原内容:
divert(-1)dnl
dnl #
dnl # This is the sendmail macro config file for m4. If you make changes to
dnl # /etc/mail/sendmail.mc, you will need to regenerate the
dnl # /etc/mail/sendmail.cf file by confirming that the sendmail-cf package is
dnl # installed and then performing a
dnl #
dnl # make -C /etc/mail
dnl #
include(`/usr/share/sendmail-cf/m4/cf.m4')dnl
VERSIONID(`setup for Red Hat Linux')dnl
OSTYPE(`linux')dnl
dnl #
dnl # default logging level is 9, you might want to set it higher to
dnl # debug the configuration
dnl #
dnl define(`confLOG_LEVEL', `9')dnl
dnl #
dnl # Uncomment and edit the following line if your outgoing mail needs to
dnl # be sent out through an external mail server:
dnl #
dnl define(`SMART_HOST',`smtp.your.provider')
dnl #
define(`confDEF_USER_ID',``8:12'')dnl
dnl define(`confAUTO_REBUILD')dnl
define(`confTO_CONNECT', `1m')dnl
define(`confTRY_NULL_MX_LIST',true)dnl
define(`confDONT_PROBE_INTERFACES',true)dnl
define(`PROCMAIL_MAILER_PATH',`/usr/bin/procmail')dnl
define(`ALIAS_FILE', `/etc/aliases')dnl
define(`STATUS_FILE', `/var/log/mail/statistics')dnl
define(`UUCP_MAILER_MAX', `2000000')dnl
define(`confUSERDB_SPEC', `/etc/mail/userdb.db')dnl
define(`confPRIVACY_FLAGS', `authwarnings,novrfy,noexpn,restrictqrun')dnl
define(`confAUTH_OPTIONS', `A')dnl
dnl #
dnl # The following allows relaying if the user authenticates, and disallows
dnl # plaintext authentication (PLAIN/LOGIN) on non-TLS links
dnl #
dnl define(`confAUTH_OPTIONS', `A p')dnl
dnl #
dnl # PLAIN is the preferred plaintext authentication method and used by
dnl # Mozilla Mail and Evolution, though Outlook Express and other MUAs do
dnl # use LOGIN. Other mechanisms should be used if the connection is not
dnl # guaranteed secure.
dnl # Please remember that saslauthd needs to be running for AUTH.
dnl #
dnl TRUST_AUTH_MECH(`EXTERNAL DIGEST-MD5 CRAM-MD5 LOGIN PLAIN')dnl
dnl define(`confAUTH_MECHANISMS', `EXTERNAL GSSAPI DIGEST-MD5 CRAM-MD5 LOGIN PLAIN')dnl
dnl #
dnl # Rudimentary information on creating certificates for sendmail TLS:
dnl # cd /usr/share/ssl/certs; make sendmail.pem
dnl # Complete usage:
dnl # make -C /usr/share/ssl/certs usage
dnl #
dnl define(`confCACERT_PATH',`/usr/share/ssl/certs')
dnl define(`confCACERT',`/usr/share/ssl/certs/ca-bundle.crt')
dnl define(`confSERVER_CERT',`/usr/share/ssl/certs/sendmail.pem')
dnl define(`confSERVER_KEY',`/usr/share/ssl/certs/sendmail.pem')
dnl #
dnl # This allows sendmail to use a keyfile that is shared with OpenLDAP's
dnl # slapd, which requires the file to be readble by group ldap
dnl #
dnl define(`confDONT_BLAME_SENDMAIL',`groupreadablekeyfile')dnl
dnl #
dnl define(`confTO_QUEUEWARN', `4h')dnl
dnl define(`confTO_QUEUERETURN', `5d')dnl
dnl define(`confQUEUE_LA', `12')dnl
dnl define(`confREFUSE_LA', `18')dnl
define(`confTO_IDENT', `0')dnl
dnl FEATURE(delay_checks)dnl
FEATURE(`no_default_msa',`dnl')dnl
FEATURE(`smrsh',`/usr/sbin/smrsh')dnl
FEATURE(`mailertable',`hash -o /etc/mail/mailertable.db')dnl
FEATURE(`virtusertable',`hash -o /etc/mail/virtusertable.db')dnl
FEATURE(redirect)dnl
FEATURE(always_add_domain)dnl
FEATURE(use_cw_file)dnl
FEATURE(use_ct_file)dnl
dnl #
dnl # The following limits the number of processes sendmail can fork to accept
dnl # incoming messages or process its message queues to 12.) sendmail refuses
dnl # to accept connections once it has reached its quota of child processes.
dnl #
dnl define(`confMAX_DAEMON_CHILDREN', 12)dnl
dnl #
dnl # Limits the number of new connections per second. This caps the overhead
dnl # incurred due to forking new sendmail processes. May be useful against
dnl # DoS attacks or barrages of spam. (As mentioned below, a per-IP address
dnl # limit would be useful but is not available as an option at this writing.)
dnl #
dnl define(`confCONNECTION_RATE_THROTTLE', 3)dnl
dnl #
dnl # The -t option will retry delivery if e.g. the user runs over his quota.
dnl #
FEATURE(local_procmail,`',`procmail -t -Y -a $h -d $u')dnl
FEATURE(`access_db',`hash -T<TMPF> -o /etc/mail/access.db')dnl
FEATURE(`blacklist_recipients')dnl
EXPOSED_USER(`root')dnl
dnl #
dnl # The following causes sendmail to only listen on the IPv4 loopback address
dnl # 127.0.0.1 and not on any other network devices. Remove the loopback
dnl # address restriction to accept email from the internet or intranet.
dnl #
DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Port=smtp,Addr=127.0.0.1, Name=MTA')dnl
dnl #
dnl # The following causes sendmail to additionally listen to port 587 for
dnl # mail from MUAs that authenticate. Roaming users who can't reach their
dnl # preferred sendmail daemon due to port 25 being blocked or redirected find
dnl # this useful.
dnl #
dnl DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Port=submission, Name=MSA, M=Ea')dnl dnl #
dnl # The following causes sendmail to additionally listen to port 465, but
dnl # starting immediately in TLS mode upon connecting. Port 25 or 587 followed
dnl # by STARTTLS is preferred, but roaming clients using Outlook Express can't
dnl # do STARTTLS on ports other than 25. Mozilla Mail can ONLY use STARTTLS
dnl # and doesn't support the deprecated smtps; Evolution <1.1.1 uses smtps
dnl # when SSL is enabled-- STARTTLS support is available in version 1.1.1.
dnl #
dnl # For this to work your OpenSSL certificates must be configured.
dnl #
dnl DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Port=smtps, Name=TLSMTA, M=s')dnl
dnl #
dnl # The following causes sendmail to additionally listen on the IPv6 loopback
dnl # device. Remove the loopback address restriction listen to the network.
dnl #
dnl DAEMON_OPTIONS(`port=smtp,Addr=::1, Name=MTA-v6, Family=inet6')dnl
dnl #
dnl # enable both ipv6 and ipv4 in sendmail:
dnl #
dnl DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Name=MTA-v4, Family=inet, Name=MTA-v6, Family=inet6')
dnl #
dnl # We strongly recommend not accepting unresolvable domains if you want to
dnl # protect yourself from spam. However, the laptop and users on computers
dnl # that do not have 24x7 DNS do need this.
dnl #
FEATURE(`accept_unresolvable_domains')dnl
dnl #
dnl FEATURE(`relay_based_on_MX')dnl
dnl #
dnl # Also accept email sent to "localhost.localdomain" as local email.
dnl #
LOCAL_DOMAIN(`localhost.localdomain')dnl
dnl #
dnl # The following example makes mail from this host and any additional
dnl # specified domains appear to be sent from mydomain.com
dnl #
dnl MASQUERADE_AS(`mydomain.com')dnl
dnl #
dnl # masquerade not just the headers, but the envelope as well
dnl #
dnl FEATURE(masquerade_envelope)dnl
dnl #
dnl # masquerade not just @mydomainalias.com, but @*.mydomainalias.com as well
dnl #
dnl FEATURE(masquerade_entire_domain)dnl
dnl #
dnl MASQUERADE_DOMAIN(localhost)dnl
dnl MASQUERADE_DOMAIN(localhost.localdomain)dnl
dnl MASQUERADE_DOMAIN(mydomainalias.com)dnl
dnl MASQUERADE_DOMAIN(mydomain.lan)dnl
MAILER(smtp)dnl
MAILER(procmail)dnl
由于邮件服务器默认只对本地回环网络提供邮件服务,所以我们把上面的
DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Port=smtp,Addr=127.0.0.1, Name=MTA')dnl
改为
DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Port=smtp,Addr=邮件服务器的ip, Name=MTA')dnl
修改/etc/mail/local-host-names
# vi /etc/mail/local-host-names (提供对rhce.com域服务)
Rhce.com
# service sendmail start (启动sendmail服务器)
这样一个最简单的邮件服务器配置完成
测试:
[root@rhel-1 ~]# netstat -tnl | grep :25 (检查smtp25端口是否打开)
tcp 0 0 192.168.1.2:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
在服务器上测试收发邮件:
现在系统有账号:test1,test2
[root@rhel-1 ~]# telnet 192.168.1.2 25
Trying 192.168.1.2...
Connected to mail.rhce.com (192.168.1.2).
Escape character is '^]'.
220 localhost.localdomain ESMTP Sendmail 8.13.1/8.13.1; Wed, 13 Sep 2006 11:18:46 +0800
mail from:[email protected] (发信人地址)
250 2.1.0 [email protected]... Sender ok
rcpt to:[email protected] (收信人地址)
250 2.1.5 [email protected]... Recipient ok
Data (邮件内容)
354 Enter mail, end with "." on a line by itself
this a test
. (以”.”结束)
250 2.0.0 k8D3Ikw2002488 Message accepted for delivery
Quit (退出)
221 2.0.0 localhost.localdomain closing connection
Connection closed by foreign host.
看一下是否收到信:用mail收信
[root@rhel-1 ~]# su -l test2 (切换到test2用户)
[test2@rhel-1 ~]$ mail (收信)
Mail version 8.1 6/6/93. Type ? for help.
"/var/spool/mail/test2": 1 message 1 new
>N 1 [email protected] Wed Sep 13 11:24 13/502 (显示有一封信)
& 1 (查看)
Message 1:
From [email protected] Wed Sep 13 11:24:36 2006
Date: Wed, 13 Sep 2006 11:24:07 +0800
From: [email protected]
X-Authentication-Warning: localhost.localdomain: mail.rhce.com [192.168.1.2] didn't use HELO protocol
this a test (邮件内容)
& q (退出)
Saved 1 message in mbox
也可以telnet 192.168.1.2 110来收信
[root@rhel-1 ~]# telnet 192.168.1.2 110
Trying 192.168.1.2...
Connected to mail.rhce.com (192.168.1.2).
Escape character is '^]'.
+OK dovecot ready.
user test2 (输入用户名)
+OK
pass test (输入密码)
+OK Logged in.
Stat (查看邮件)
+OK 1 893
top 1 893 (查看内容)
+OK
Return-Path: <[email protected]>
Received: from server (www.rhce.com [192.168.1.7])
by localhost.localdomain (8.13.1/8.13.1) with SMTP id k8D3TqsT002688
for <[email protected]>; Wed, 13 Sep 2006 11:29:52 +0800
Message-ID: <001801c6d6e2$e92448a0$0701a8c0@server>
From: "admin" <[email protected]>
To: <[email protected]>
Subject:
Date: Wed, 13 Sep 2006 11:15:48 +0800
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain;
charset="gb2312"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 6.00.3790.0
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.3790.0
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from base64 to 8bit by localhost.localdomain id k8D3TqsT002688
X-IMAPbase: 1158118231 1
Status: O
X-UID: 1
Content-Length: 13
X-Keywords:
thist a test (邮件内容)
.
Quit (退出)
+OK Logging out.
Connection closed by foreign host.
现在我们在客记端测试收发邮件:
由于要在邮件服务器上传下载邮件要用到pop3或imap协议,所以前面我们提到的dovecot包将提供pop3或imap协议
修改/etc/dovecot.conf
# vi /etc/dovecot.conf
protocols = pop3 (改为pop3,这里也可以改为imap,我们现在用pop3协议)
修改/etc/mail/access
由于sendmail默认是不转发邮件的,所以我们在这个文件中加入192.168.1,使它为192.168.1.1这个网段转发邮件
# vi /etc/mail/access
192.168.1
# makemap hash /etc/mail/access < access (默认access是不能被sendmail识别,我们要把它生成数据库文件)
# service dovecot start (启动pop3)
# service sendmail restart (重启sendmail)
[root@rhel-1 ~]# netstat -tnl | grep :110(检查pop3110端口是否打开)
tcp 0 0 :::110 :::* LISTEN
配置客户端: 我们这里用outlook
点击 工具---账户----添加----邮件
显示名:是用户收到邮件后显示的发信人的名字 如admin
电子邮件地址: 你的邮件地址 如[email protected]
下一步以后,选择pop3,发信服务器和收信服务器都写邮件服务器的ip 这里是192.168.1.2
然后填入你的账号和密码
如账号名称为test1
密码:test
完成
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