Linux lvm管理(基于RH AS3.0)
时间：2007-06-12 来源：mdiane
1. 创建物理卷
[root@cuug254 /]# pvcreate /dev/sdf
pvcreate -- physical volume "/dev/sdf" successfully created
//显示物理卷的信息：pvdisplay /dev/sdf，参数v显示详细信息
2. 创建卷组
[root@cuug254 /]# vgcreate mysqlvg /dev/sdf
vgcreate -- INFO: using default physical extent size 4 MB
vgcreate -- INFO: maximum logical volume size is 255.99 Gigabyte
vgcreate -- doing automatic backup of volume group "mysqlvg"
vgcreate -- volume group "mysqlvg" successfully created and activated
//显示卷组信息：vgdisplay mysqlvg,参数v显示详细信息
3. 创建逻辑卷
[root@cuug254 /]# lvcreate oravg -n lv01 -L 1000m /dev/sdb /dev/sdc
lvcreate -- doing automatic backup of "oravg"
lvcreate -- logical volume "/dev/oravg/lv01" successfully created
//lvcreate n 指定逻辑卷的名称；-L 指定卷的大小
显示逻辑卷信息
[root@cuug254 /]# lvdisplay /dev/oravg/lv01
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/oravg/lv01
VG Name oravg
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
LV # 1
# open 0
LV Size 1000 MB
Current LE 250
Allocated LE 250
Allocation next free
Read ahead sectors 1024
Block device 58:4
4. 创建基于卷的文件系统
[root@cuug254 /]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/oravg/lv01
mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
128000 inodes, 256000 blocks
12800 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
8 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
16000 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 33 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
[root@cuug254 /]# mkdir /oracle
[root@cuug254 /]# mount /dev/oravg/lv01 /oracle
[root@cuug254 /]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/rootvg/Vol00 985M 182M 753M 20% /
/dev/sda1 145M 9.4M 128M 7% /boot
none 149M 0 149M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/rootvg/Vol01 2.9G 1.8G 1.1G 64% /usr
/dev/rootvg/Vol04 985M 140M 796M 15% /var
/dev/oravg/lv01 985M 17M 919M 2% /oracle
5. 扩展逻辑卷的大小
[root@cuug254 /]# lvextend -L +500m /dev/oravg/lv01 //L指定扩展的大小
lvextend -- extending logical volume "/dev/oravg/lv01" to 1.46 GB
lvextend -- doing automatic backup of volume group "oravg"
lvextend -- logical volume "/dev/oravg/lv01" successfully extended
[root@cuug254 /]# df -k
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/rootvg/Vol00 1007896 186268 770428 20% /
/dev/sda1 147766 9559 130578 7% /boot
none 151708 0 151708 0% /dev/shm
/dev/rootvg/Vol01 3023760 1812988 1057172 64% /usr
/dev/rootvg/Vol04 1007896 142484 814212 15% /var
/dev/oravg/lv01 1007896 16428 940268 2% /oracle
6. 扩展文件系统的大小
[root@cuug254 /]# umount /oracle
[root@cuug254 /]# resize2fs -f /dev/oravg/lv01 //-f 强制
resize2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
The filesystem on /dev/oravg/lv01 is now 384000 blocks long.
[root@cuug254 /]# mount /dev/oravg/lv01 /oracle
[root@cuug254 /]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/rootvg/Vol00 985M 182M 753M 20% /
/dev/sda1 145M 9.4M 128M 7% /boot
none 149M 0 149M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/rootvg/Vol01 2.9G 1.8G 1.1G 64% /usr
/dev/rootvg/Vol04 985M 140M 796M 15% /var
/dev/oravg/lv01 1.5G 17M 1.4G 2% /oracle
注意：以上两步操作可用e2fsadm来完成
e2fsadm /dev/Volume/lv –L +5g
7. 重建/etc/lvmtab和/etc/lvmtab.d
[root@cuug254 /]# vgscan
vgscan -- reading all physical volumes (this may take a while...)
vgscan -- found active volume group "rootvg"
vgscan -- found active volume group "oravg"
vgscan -- found active volume group "mysqlvg"
vgscan -- "/etc/lvmtab" and "/etc/lvmtab.d" successfully created
vgscan -- WARNING: This program does not do a VGDA backup of your volume groups
8. 缩小文件系统大小
[root@cuug254 /]# lvreduce -L -500 /dev/oravg/lv01
lvreduce -- WARNING: reducing active and open logical volume to 1000 MB
lvreduce -- THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
lvreduce -- do you really want to reduce "/dev/oravg/lv01"? [y/n]: y
lvreduce -- doing automatic backup of volume group "oravg"
lvreduce -- logical volume "/dev/oravg/lv01" successfully reduced
[root@cuug254 /]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/rootvg/Vol00 985M 183M 753M 20% /
/dev/sda1 145M 9.4M 128M 7% /boot
none 149M 0 149M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/rootvg/Vol01 2.9G 1.8G 1.1G 64% /usr
/dev/rootvg/Vol04 985M 140M 796M 15% /var
/dev/oravg/lv01 1.5G 17M 1.4G 2% /oracle
[root@cuug254 /]# umount /oracle
[root@cuug254 /]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/oravg/lv01
mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
128000 inodes, 256000 blocks
12800 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
8 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
16000 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 26 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
[root@cuug254 /]# mount /dev/oravg/lv01 /oracle
[root@cuug254 /]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/rootvg/Vol00 985M 183M 753M 20% /
/dev/sda1 145M 9.4M 128M 7% /boot
none 149M 0 149M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/rootvg/Vol01 2.9G 1.8G 1.1G 64% /usr
/dev/rootvg/Vol04 985M 140M 796M 15% /var
/dev/oravg/lv01 985M 17M 919M 2% /oracle
9. 缩小卷组的大小
[root@cuug254 /]# vgreduce oravg /dev/sde
vgreduce -- doing automatic backup of volume group "oravg"
vgreduce -- volume group "oravg" successfully reduced by physical volume:
vgreduce -- /dev/sde
[root@cuug254 /]# vgdisplay -v oravg | more
--- Volume group ---
VG Name oravg
VG Access read/write
VG Status available/resizable
VG # 1
MAX LV 256
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
MAX LV Size 255.99 GB
Max PV 256
Cur PV 3
。。。。。。。
--- Physical volumes ---
PV Name (#) /dev/sdb (1)
PV Status available / allocatable
Total PE / Free PE 5118 / 4868
PV Name (#) /dev/sdc (2)
PV Status available / allocatable
Total PE / Free PE 5118 / 5118
PV Name (#) /dev/sdd (3)
PV Status available / allocatable
Total PE / Free PE 5118 / 5118
10. 移出逻辑卷
[root@cuug254 /]# umount /oracle
[root@cuug254 /]# lvremove /dev/oravg/lv01
lvremove -- do you really want to remove "/dev/oravg/lv01"? [y/n]: y
lvremove -- doing automatic backup of volume group "oravg"
lvremove -- logical volume "/dev/oravg/lv01" successfully removed
[root@cuug254 /]# vgdisplay -v oravg
--- Volume group ---
VG Name oravg
VG Access read/write
VG Status available/resizable
VG # 1
MAX LV 256
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
MAX LV Size 255.99 GB
Max PV 256
Cur PV 3
Act PV 3
VG Size 59.98 GB
PE Size 4 MB
Total PE 15354
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 15354 / 59.98 GB
VG UUID Gci3AB-vkjA-x3Zv-0FFU-uvOj-wUfp-nImNPP
--- No logical volumes defined in "oravg" ---
--- Physical volumes ---
PV Name (#) /dev/sdb (1)
PV Status available / allocatable
Total PE / Free PE 5118 / 5118
PV Name (#) /dev/sdc (2)
PV Status available / allocatable
Total PE / Free PE 5118 / 5118
PV Name (#) /dev/sdd (3)
PV Status available / allocatable
Total PE / Free PE 5118 / 5118
11. 删除卷组
[root@cuug254 /]# vgchange -an oravg
vgchange -- volume group "oravg" successfully deactivated
[root@cuug254 /]# vgremove oravg
vgremove -- volume group "oravg" successfully removed
显示卷组信息
[root@cuug254 /]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name mysqlvg
VG Access read/write
VG Status available/resizable
VG # 2
MAX LV 256
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
MAX LV Size 255.99 GB
Max PV 256
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 19.99 GB
PE Size 4 MB
Total PE 5118
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 5118 / 19.99 GB
VG UUID fQ1T64-UnjQ-hzZT-z1pR-U0NP-Alzr-tEWmhw
--- Volume group ---
VG Name rootvg
VG Access read/write
VG Status available/resizable
VG # 0
MAX LV 256
Cur LV 4
Open LV 4
MAX LV Size 255.99 GB
Max PV 256
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 19.84 GB
PE Size 4 MB
Total PE 5080
Alloc PE / Size 1375 / 5.37 GB
Free PE / Size 3705 / 14.47 GB
VG UUID T1sRpo-rOQc-duuz-URuo-fXcK-K5ou-Q03jTh
[root@cuug254 /]# pvdisplay /dev/sdb
pvdisplay -- "/dev/sdb" is a new physical volume of 20 GB
重新生成配置文件
[root@cuug254 /]# vgscan
vgscan -- reading all physical volumes (this may take a while...)
vgscan -- found active volume group "rootvg"
vgscan -- found active volume group "mysqlvg"
vgscan -- "/etc/lvmtab" and "/etc/lvmtab.d" successfully created
vgscan -- WARNING: This program does not do a VGDA backup of your volume groups
备份卷组的信息
vgcfgbackup/vgcfgrestor
默认情况下，会把卷组的配置信息备份在/etc/lvmconf/VGNAME.conf.n.old
创建镜像卷
lvcreate –i 2 –I 64 –n mirrlv mysqlvg –L 50m
lvcreate -- rounding 20480 KB to stripe boundary size 24576 KB / 6 PE
lvcreate -- doing automatic backup of "mygroup"
lvcreate -- logical volume "/dev/mygroup/stripedlv" successfully created
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