Samba的配置
时间：2007-05-14 来源：张苗
安装完Samba后我们要对它进行配置:
首先:我们启动服务:
#service smb start 启动SMB服务
#chkconfig smb on 添加SMB到启动选项内
进入/etc/samba/
查看文件:
lmhosts
smb.conf samba配置文件
smbusers 用于控制用户映射
第一运行时只有这三个文件,我需要对它进行添加用户:
smbpasswd -a linux帐户名
例:
smbpasswd -a paul
[root@vhk samba]# cat smbpasswd
paul:500:44EFCE164AB921CAAAD3B435B51404EE:32ED87BDB5FDC5E9CBA88547376818D4:[U ]:LCT-46481FD6:
执行结果后,samba会自动建立一个文件,名为:smbpasswd的文件 将会多出来这两个文件: smbpasswd secrets.tdb 每个文件都有用,千万不可以把它们干掉呀.不然,后果自负. linux操作系统的用户不可以登录samba服务器,因为它们使用了不同的密码文件.两种密码都进行过加密操作. samba日志文件的存放位置是:/var/log/samba/ 开始配置smb.conf 首先要备份一份配置文件,以防出错时可以恢复. #cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf.bak #vi /etc/samba/smb.conf # may wish to enable
#
# NOTE: Whenever you modify this file you should run the command "testparm"
# to check that you have not made any basic syntactic errors.
#
#======================= Global Settings =====================================
[global] # workgroup = NT-Domain-Name or Workgroup-Name 设置SAMBA服务器所属的群组名称或windows的域名.
# workgroup = MYGROUP workgroup = paul # server string is the equivalent of the NT Description field 设置samba的简要说明
#server string = Samba Server server string = This my sambaserver # This option is important for security. It allows you to restrict
# connections to machines which are on your local network. The
# following example restricts access to two C class networks and
# the "loopback" interface. For more examples of the syntax see
# the smb.conf man page 设置可访问samba服务器的主机，子网或域
; hosts allow = 192.168.1. 192.168.2. 127. hosts allow = paul chinamail.com 192.168.0. except 192.168.0.33 #允许主机名为paul的访问，允许域名为chinamail.com的域访问，允许１９２．１６８．０．＊网段内所有主机的访问，但除192.168.0.33 # if you want to automatically load your printer list rather
# than setting them up individually then you'll need this #如要您在服务器上实现了打印服务，那么也得配置打印服务．
printcap name = /etc/printcap #当samba启动时,将自动加载打印机配置文件.
load printers = yes
#设置是否允许打印配置文件中的所有打印机开机时自动加载.
# It should not be necessary to spell out the print system type unless
# yours is non-standard. Currently supported print systems include:
# bsd, sysv, plp, lprng, aix, hpux, qnx
; printing = cups
# This option tells cups that the data has already been rasterized
cups options = raw # Uncomment this if you want a guest account, you must add this to /etc/passwd
# otherwise the user "nobody" is used
; guest account = pcguest 设置guest帐户名 # this tells Samba to use a separate log file for each machine
# that connects
log file = /var/log/samba/%m.log
# all log information in one file
# log file = /var/log/samba/smbd.log # Put a capping on the size of the log files (in Kb).
max log size = 50
# Security mode. Most people will want user level security. See
# security_level.txt for details.
security = user
指定SAMBA服务器使用的安全等级 默认值为:user samba服务器的安全等级共有以下5类:
; password server = <NT-Server-Name> # Password Level allows matching of _n_ characters of the password for
# all combinations of upper and lower case.
; password level = 8
; username level = 8 # You may wish to use password encryption. Please read
# ENCRYPTION.txt, Win95.txt and WinNT.txt in the Samba documentation.
# Do not enable this option unless you have read those documents
encrypt passwords = yes
是否加密口令 ; smb passwd file = /etc/samba/smbpasswd
# The following are needed to allow password changing from Windows to
# update the Linux system password also.
# NOTE: Use these with 'encrypt passwords' and 'smb passwd file' above.
# NOTE2: You do NOT need these to allow workstations to change only
# the encrypted SMB passwords. They allow the Unix password
# to be kept in sync with the SMB password.
; unix password sync = Yes
; passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u
; passwd chat = *New*UNIX*password* %n\n *ReType*new*UNIX*password* %n\n *passwd:*all*authentication*tokens*updated*successfully* # Unix users can map to different SMB User names
; username map = /etc/samba/smbusers # Using the following line enables you to customise your configuration
# on a per machine basis. The %m gets replaced with the netbios name
# of the machine that is connecting
; include = /etc/samba/smb.conf.%m
# Most people will find that this option gives better performance.
# See speed.txt and the manual pages for details
socket options = TCP_NODELAY SO_RCVBUF=8192 SO_SNDBUF=8192 # Configure Samba to use multiple interfaces
# If you have multiple network interfaces then you must list them
# here. See the man page for details. interfaces = eth0 设置需要监听的网卡
; interfaces = 192.168.12.2/24 192.168.13.2/24 # Configure remote browse list synchronisation here
# request announcement to, or browse list sync from:
# a specific host or from / to a whole subnet (see below)
; remote browse sync = 192.168.3.25 192.168.5.255
# Cause this host to announce itself to local subnets here
; remote announce = 192.168.1.255 192.168.2.44 # Browser Control Options:
# set local master to no if you don't want Samba to become a master
# browser on your network. Otherwise the normal election rules apply
; local master = no # OS Level determines the precedence of this server in master browser
# elections. The default value should be reasonable
; os level = 33 # Domain Master specifies Samba to be the Domain Master Browser. This
# allows Samba to collate browse lists between subnets. Don't use this
# if you already have a Windows NT domain controller doing this job
; domain master = yes # Preferred Master causes Samba to force a local browser election on startup
# and gives it a slightly higher chance of winning the election
; preferred master = yes
# Preferred Master causes Samba to force a local browser election on startup
# and gives it a slightly higher chance of winning the election
; preferred master = yes # Enable this if you want Samba to be a domain logon server for
# Windows95 workstations.
; domain logons = yes # if you enable domain logons then you may want a per-machine or
# per user logon script
# run a specific logon batch file per workstation (machine)
; logon script = %m.bat
# run a specific logon batch file per username
; logon script = %U.bat
# Where to store roving profiles (only for Win95 and WinNT)
# %L substitutes for this servers netbios name, %U is username
# You must uncomment the [Profiles] share below
; logon path = \\%L\Profiles\%U # All NetBIOS names must be resolved to IP Addresses
# 'Name Resolve Order' allows the named resolution mechanism to be specified
# the default order is "host lmhosts wins bcast". "host" means use the unix
# system gethostbyname() function call that will use either /etc/hosts OR
# DNS or NIS depending on the settings of /etc/host.config, /etc/nsswitch.conf
# and the /etc/resolv.conf file. "host" therefore is system configuration
# dependant. This parameter is most often of use to prevent DNS lookups
# in order to resolve NetBIOS names to IP Addresses. Use with care!
# The example below excludes use of name resolution for machines that are NOT
# on the local network segment
# - OR - are not deliberately to be known via lmhosts or via WINS.
; name resolve order = wins lmhosts bcast # Windows Internet Name Serving Support Section:
# WINS Support - Tells the NMBD component of Samba to enable it's WINS Server
#wins support = yes
设置samba服务器同时充当WINS服务器 # WINS Server - Tells the NMBD components of Samba to be a WINS Client
# Note: Samba can be either a WINS Server, or a WINS Client, but NOT both
wins server = 192.168.0.33 # WINS Proxy - Tells Samba to answer name resolution queries on
# behalf of a non WINS capable client, for this to work there must be
# at least one WINS Server on the network. The default is NO.
; wins proxy = yes # DNS Proxy - tells Samba whether or not to try to resolve NetBIOS names
# via DNS nslookups. The built-in default for versions 1.9.17 is yes,
# this has been changed in version 1.9.18 to no.
dns proxy = no # Case Preservation can be handy - system default is _no_
# NOTE: These can be set on a per share basis
; preserve case = no
; short preserve case = no
# Default case is normally upper case for all DOS files
; default case = lower
# Be very careful with case sensitivity - it can break things!
; case sensitive = no
#============================ Share Definitions ==============================
idmap uid = 16777216-33554431
idmap gid = 16777216-33554431
template shell = /bin/false
winbind use default domain = no
[homes]
comment = Home Directories
browseable = no
writable = yes # Un-comment the following and create the netlogon directory for Domain Logons
; [netlogon]
; comment = Network Logon Service
; path = /home/netlogon
; guest ok = yes
; writable = no
; share modes = no # Un-comment the following to provide a specific roving profile share
# the default is to use the user's home directory
;[Profiles]
; path = /home/profiles
; browseable = no
; guest ok = yes
# NOTE: If you have a BSD-style print system there is no need to
# specifically define each individual printer
[printers]
comment = All Printers
path = /var/spool/samba
browseable = no
# Set public = yes to allow user 'guest account' to print
guest ok = no
writable = no
printable = yes
# This one is useful for people to share files
;[tmp]
; comment = Temporary file space
; path = /tmp
; read only = no
; public = yes # A publicly accessible directory, but read only, except for people in
# the "staff" group
;[public]
; comment = Public Stuff
; path = /home/samba
; public = yes
; read only = yes
; write list = @staff # Other examples.
#
# A private printer, usable only by fred. Spool data will be placed in fred's
# home directory. Note that fred must have write access to the spool directory,
# wherever it is.
;[fredsprn]
; comment = Fred's Printer
; valid users = fred
; path = /homes/fred
; printer = freds_printer
; public = no
; writable = no
; printable = yes # A private directory, usable only by fred. Note that fred requires write
# access to the directory.
;[fredsdir]
; comment = Fred's Service
; path = /usr/somewhere/private
; valid users = fred
; public = no
; writable = yes
; printable = no # a service which has a different directory for each machine that connects
# this allows you to tailor configurations to incoming machines. You could
# also use the %u option to tailor it by user name.
# The %m gets replaced with the machine name that is connecting.
;[pchome]
; comment = PC Directories
; path = /usr/pc/%m
; public = no
; writable = yes # A publicly accessible directory, read/write to all users. Note that all files
# created in the directory by users will be owned by the default user, so
# any user with access can delete any other user's files. Obviously this
# directory must be writable by the default user. Another user could of course
# be specified, in which case all files would be owned by that user instead.
;[public]
; path = /usr/somewhere/else/public
; public = yes
; only guest = yes
; writable = yes
; printable = no
# The following two entries demonstrate how to share a directory so that two
# users can place files there that will be owned by the specific users. In this
# setup, the directory should be writable by both users and should have the
# sticky bit set on it to prevent abuse. Obviously this could be extended to
# as many users as required.
;[myshare]
; comment = Mary's and Fred's stuff
; path = /usr/somewhere/shared
; valid users = mary fred
; public = no
; writable = yes
; printable = no
; create mask = 0765
[china]
read list = writeable = yes
path = /home/paul write list = paul force user = root
valid users = paul
user = paul 以上是个实例,在以前公司里做的,旧笔记翻开,特别有让人回忆的东东.
paul:500:44EFCE164AB921CAAAD3B435B51404EE:32ED87BDB5FDC5E9CBA88547376818D4:[U ]:LCT-46481FD6:
执行结果后,samba会自动建立一个文件,名为:smbpasswd的文件 将会多出来这两个文件: smbpasswd secrets.tdb 每个文件都有用,千万不可以把它们干掉呀.不然,后果自负. linux操作系统的用户不可以登录samba服务器,因为它们使用了不同的密码文件.两种密码都进行过加密操作. samba日志文件的存放位置是:/var/log/samba/ 开始配置smb.conf 首先要备份一份配置文件,以防出错时可以恢复. #cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf.bak #vi /etc/samba/smb.conf # may wish to enable
#
# NOTE: Whenever you modify this file you should run the command "testparm"
# to check that you have not made any basic syntactic errors.
#
#======================= Global Settings =====================================
[global] # workgroup = NT-Domain-Name or Workgroup-Name 设置SAMBA服务器所属的群组名称或windows的域名.
# workgroup = MYGROUP workgroup = paul # server string is the equivalent of the NT Description field 设置samba的简要说明
#server string = Samba Server server string = This my sambaserver # This option is important for security. It allows you to restrict
# connections to machines which are on your local network. The
# following example restricts access to two C class networks and
# the "loopback" interface. For more examples of the syntax see
# the smb.conf man page 设置可访问samba服务器的主机，子网或域
; hosts allow = 192.168.1. 192.168.2. 127. hosts allow = paul chinamail.com 192.168.0. except 192.168.0.33 #允许主机名为paul的访问，允许域名为chinamail.com的域访问，允许１９２．１６８．０．＊网段内所有主机的访问，但除192.168.0.33 # if you want to automatically load your printer list rather
# than setting them up individually then you'll need this #如要您在服务器上实现了打印服务，那么也得配置打印服务．
printcap name = /etc/printcap #当samba启动时,将自动加载打印机配置文件.
load printers = yes
#设置是否允许打印配置文件中的所有打印机开机时自动加载.
# It should not be necessary to spell out the print system type unless
# yours is non-standard. Currently supported print systems include:
# bsd, sysv, plp, lprng, aix, hpux, qnx
; printing = cups
# This option tells cups that the data has already been rasterized
cups options = raw # Uncomment this if you want a guest account, you must add this to /etc/passwd
# otherwise the user "nobody" is used
; guest account = pcguest 设置guest帐户名 # this tells Samba to use a separate log file for each machine
# that connects
log file = /var/log/samba/%m.log
# all log information in one file
# log file = /var/log/samba/smbd.log # Put a capping on the size of the log files (in Kb).
max log size = 50
# Security mode. Most people will want user level security. See
# security_level.txt for details.
security = user
指定SAMBA服务器使用的安全等级 默认值为:user samba服务器的安全等级共有以下5类:
- share
使用者不需要帳號與密碼即可登入 Samba 伺服器 - user（default）
檢查帳號與密碼的工作由 Samba 伺服器自行負責 - server
檢查帳號與密碼的工作可指定另一台 Windows NT/2000 Server（PDC）負責，或由 Samba 伺服器負責 - domain
此 Samba 伺服器已經加入某一網域，需指定 Windows NT/2000 Server 負責驗證使用者帳號與密碼 - ads安全等级
- samba服务器加入到WINDOWS活动目录后,使用该安全等级,同时也需要指定口令服务器.
; password server = <NT-Server-Name> # Password Level allows matching of _n_ characters of the password for
# all combinations of upper and lower case.
; password level = 8
; username level = 8 # You may wish to use password encryption. Please read
# ENCRYPTION.txt, Win95.txt and WinNT.txt in the Samba documentation.
# Do not enable this option unless you have read those documents
encrypt passwords = yes
是否加密口令 ; smb passwd file = /etc/samba/smbpasswd
# The following are needed to allow password changing from Windows to
# update the Linux system password also.
# NOTE: Use these with 'encrypt passwords' and 'smb passwd file' above.
# NOTE2: You do NOT need these to allow workstations to change only
# the encrypted SMB passwords. They allow the Unix password
# to be kept in sync with the SMB password.
; unix password sync = Yes
; passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u
; passwd chat = *New*UNIX*password* %n\n *ReType*new*UNIX*password* %n\n *passwd:*all*authentication*tokens*updated*successfully* # Unix users can map to different SMB User names
; username map = /etc/samba/smbusers # Using the following line enables you to customise your configuration
# on a per machine basis. The %m gets replaced with the netbios name
# of the machine that is connecting
; include = /etc/samba/smb.conf.%m
# Most people will find that this option gives better performance.
# See speed.txt and the manual pages for details
socket options = TCP_NODELAY SO_RCVBUF=8192 SO_SNDBUF=8192 # Configure Samba to use multiple interfaces
# If you have multiple network interfaces then you must list them
# here. See the man page for details. interfaces = eth0 设置需要监听的网卡
; interfaces = 192.168.12.2/24 192.168.13.2/24 # Configure remote browse list synchronisation here
# request announcement to, or browse list sync from:
# a specific host or from / to a whole subnet (see below)
; remote browse sync = 192.168.3.25 192.168.5.255
# Cause this host to announce itself to local subnets here
; remote announce = 192.168.1.255 192.168.2.44 # Browser Control Options:
# set local master to no if you don't want Samba to become a master
# browser on your network. Otherwise the normal election rules apply
; local master = no # OS Level determines the precedence of this server in master browser
# elections. The default value should be reasonable
; os level = 33 # Domain Master specifies Samba to be the Domain Master Browser. This
# allows Samba to collate browse lists between subnets. Don't use this
# if you already have a Windows NT domain controller doing this job
; domain master = yes # Preferred Master causes Samba to force a local browser election on startup
# and gives it a slightly higher chance of winning the election
; preferred master = yes
# Preferred Master causes Samba to force a local browser election on startup
# and gives it a slightly higher chance of winning the election
; preferred master = yes # Enable this if you want Samba to be a domain logon server for
# Windows95 workstations.
; domain logons = yes # if you enable domain logons then you may want a per-machine or
# per user logon script
# run a specific logon batch file per workstation (machine)
; logon script = %m.bat
# run a specific logon batch file per username
; logon script = %U.bat
# Where to store roving profiles (only for Win95 and WinNT)
# %L substitutes for this servers netbios name, %U is username
# You must uncomment the [Profiles] share below
; logon path = \\%L\Profiles\%U # All NetBIOS names must be resolved to IP Addresses
# 'Name Resolve Order' allows the named resolution mechanism to be specified
# the default order is "host lmhosts wins bcast". "host" means use the unix
# system gethostbyname() function call that will use either /etc/hosts OR
# DNS or NIS depending on the settings of /etc/host.config, /etc/nsswitch.conf
# and the /etc/resolv.conf file. "host" therefore is system configuration
# dependant. This parameter is most often of use to prevent DNS lookups
# in order to resolve NetBIOS names to IP Addresses. Use with care!
# The example below excludes use of name resolution for machines that are NOT
# on the local network segment
# - OR - are not deliberately to be known via lmhosts or via WINS.
; name resolve order = wins lmhosts bcast # Windows Internet Name Serving Support Section:
# WINS Support - Tells the NMBD component of Samba to enable it's WINS Server
#wins support = yes
设置samba服务器同时充当WINS服务器 # WINS Server - Tells the NMBD components of Samba to be a WINS Client
# Note: Samba can be either a WINS Server, or a WINS Client, but NOT both
wins server = 192.168.0.33 # WINS Proxy - Tells Samba to answer name resolution queries on
# behalf of a non WINS capable client, for this to work there must be
# at least one WINS Server on the network. The default is NO.
; wins proxy = yes # DNS Proxy - tells Samba whether or not to try to resolve NetBIOS names
# via DNS nslookups. The built-in default for versions 1.9.17 is yes,
# this has been changed in version 1.9.18 to no.
dns proxy = no # Case Preservation can be handy - system default is _no_
# NOTE: These can be set on a per share basis
; preserve case = no
; short preserve case = no
# Default case is normally upper case for all DOS files
; default case = lower
# Be very careful with case sensitivity - it can break things!
; case sensitive = no
#============================ Share Definitions ==============================
idmap uid = 16777216-33554431
idmap gid = 16777216-33554431
template shell = /bin/false
winbind use default domain = no
[homes]
comment = Home Directories
browseable = no
writable = yes # Un-comment the following and create the netlogon directory for Domain Logons
; [netlogon]
; comment = Network Logon Service
; path = /home/netlogon
; guest ok = yes
; writable = no
; share modes = no # Un-comment the following to provide a specific roving profile share
# the default is to use the user's home directory
;[Profiles]
; path = /home/profiles
; browseable = no
; guest ok = yes
# NOTE: If you have a BSD-style print system there is no need to
# specifically define each individual printer
[printers]
comment = All Printers
path = /var/spool/samba
browseable = no
# Set public = yes to allow user 'guest account' to print
guest ok = no
writable = no
printable = yes
# This one is useful for people to share files
;[tmp]
; comment = Temporary file space
; path = /tmp
; read only = no
; public = yes # A publicly accessible directory, but read only, except for people in
# the "staff" group
;[public]
; comment = Public Stuff
; path = /home/samba
; public = yes
; read only = yes
; write list = @staff # Other examples.
#
# A private printer, usable only by fred. Spool data will be placed in fred's
# home directory. Note that fred must have write access to the spool directory,
# wherever it is.
;[fredsprn]
; comment = Fred's Printer
; valid users = fred
; path = /homes/fred
; printer = freds_printer
; public = no
; writable = no
; printable = yes # A private directory, usable only by fred. Note that fred requires write
# access to the directory.
;[fredsdir]
; comment = Fred's Service
; path = /usr/somewhere/private
; valid users = fred
; public = no
; writable = yes
; printable = no # a service which has a different directory for each machine that connects
# this allows you to tailor configurations to incoming machines. You could
# also use the %u option to tailor it by user name.
# The %m gets replaced with the machine name that is connecting.
;[pchome]
; comment = PC Directories
; path = /usr/pc/%m
; public = no
; writable = yes # A publicly accessible directory, read/write to all users. Note that all files
# created in the directory by users will be owned by the default user, so
# any user with access can delete any other user's files. Obviously this
# directory must be writable by the default user. Another user could of course
# be specified, in which case all files would be owned by that user instead.
;[public]
; path = /usr/somewhere/else/public
; public = yes
; only guest = yes
; writable = yes
; printable = no
# The following two entries demonstrate how to share a directory so that two
# users can place files there that will be owned by the specific users. In this
# setup, the directory should be writable by both users and should have the
# sticky bit set on it to prevent abuse. Obviously this could be extended to
# as many users as required.
;[myshare]
; comment = Mary's and Fred's stuff
; path = /usr/somewhere/shared
; valid users = mary fred
; public = no
; writable = yes
; printable = no
; create mask = 0765
[china]
read list = writeable = yes
path = /home/paul write list = paul force user = root
valid users = paul
user = paul 以上是个实例,在以前公司里做的,旧笔记翻开,特别有让人回忆的东东.
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