11.构建LFS系统──安装系统基础软件（三）
时间：2006-11-17 来源：anima
十一、构建LFS系统──安装系统基础软件（三）
9.Glibc-2.3.6
Glibc 包含了主要的C库。这个库提供了基本例程，用于分配内存、搜索目录、打开关闭文件、读写文件、字串处理、模式匹配、数学计算等等。
预计编译时间： 13.5 SBU (含测试套件)
所需磁盘空间： 510 MB (含测试套件)
9.1.安装Glibc
注意
一些 LFS 基本系统之外的软件包建议安装 GNU libiconv 以使得数据够能在不同编码之间进行转换。GNU libiconv 项目的主页(http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/) 说："这个库为那些没有 iconv() 的系统或者虽然有 iconv() 却不能与 Unicode 相互转换的系统提供了一个能够与 Unicode 相互转换的实现 "。Glibc 库中有一个 iconv() ，并且能够与 Unicode 相互转换，因此，LFS 系统不需要 GNU libiconv 。
Glibc 的编译系统是高度自给自足的，即使当前编译器 specs 文件和连接器还指向 /tools 目录，也能正确安装。我们在安装 Glibc 前不能调整 specs 文件和连接器，否则 Glibc 的 autoconf 测试会失败，从而妨碍我们创建一个干净系统的目标。
root:/sources/man-pages-2.34# mv $LFS/sources/glibc-2.3.6 $LFS/sources/old
root:/sources/man-pages-2.34# mv $LFS/sources/glibc-build $LFS/sources/old
root:/sources/man-pages-2.34# tar -jxvf $LFS/sources/glibc-2.3.6.tar.bz2 -C $LFS/sources
root:/sources/man-pages-2.34# cd $LFS/sources/glibc-2.3.6
glibc-libidn这个包加上了对国际化域名(IDN)的支持到Glibc中。许多程序支持IDN需要全的libidn 库，而不是这个附加库。(参见 http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/svn/general/libidn.html).
解压缩包到Glibc的源码目录：
root:/sources/glibc-2.3.6# tar -xf ../glibc-libidn-2.3.6.tar.bz2
应用下面这个patch来修正软件包在sys/kd.h之后包含linux/types.h导致编译错误：
root:/sources/glibc-2.3.6# patch -Np1 -i ../glibc-2.3.6-linux_types-1.patch
patching file sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/sys/kd.h
root:/sources/glibc-2.3.6#
添加一个头文件来定义为新内核对于inotify特性的系统调用函数：
root:/sources/glibc-2.3.6# patch -Np1 -i ../glibc-2.3.6-inotify-1.patch
patching file sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/inotify.h
root:/sources/glibc-2.3.6#
在vi_VN.TCVN locale中, bash 一启动就进入一个无限循环之中。不知道这是一个 bash 的bug，还是一个Glibc的问题。为了避免这个问题，抑制这个locale的安装：
root:/sources/glibc-2.3.6# sed -i '/vi_VN.TCVN/d' localedata/SUPPORTED
当运行 make install，一个叫test-installation.pl的脚本会在我们新安装的Glibc上做一个小的完整性测试。然而，由于我们的toolchain仍然指向/tools目录，完整性测试会导致使用错误的Glibc。我们可以强制脚本测试我们刚安装的脚本：
sed -i \
's|libs -o|libs -L/usr/lib -Wl,-dynamic-linker=/lib/ld-linux.so.2 -o|' \
scripts/test-installation.pl
root:/sources/glibc-2.3.6# sed -i \
> 's|libs -o|libs -L/usr/lib -Wl,-dynamic-linker=/lib/ld-linux.so.2 -o|' \
> scripts/test-installation.pl
Glibc 文档推荐在源码目录之外的一个专门的编译目录下进行编译：
root:/sources/glibc-2.3.6# mkdir -v ../glibc-build
mkdir: created directory `../glibc-build'
root:/sources/glibc-2.3.6# cd ../glibc-build
为编译 Glibc 做准备：
root:/sources/glibc-build# ../glibc-2.3.6/configure --prefix=/usr \
> --disable-profile --enable-add-ons \
> --enable-kernel=2.6.0 --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc
新配置选项的含义：
--libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc
把pt_chown程序的位置从默认的 /usr/libexec 改为 /usr/lib/glibc 。
编译软件包：
root:/sources/glibc-build# make && date +%c [开始于2006年11月13日19:52:15]
……
……
……
make[2]: Leaving directory `/sources/glibc-2.3.6/elf'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/sources/glibc-2.3.6'
Mon Nov 13 12:23:53 2006 [结束于2006年11月13日20:23:53]
root:/sources/glibc-build#
重要
本节的 Glibc 测试很重要。在任何情况下都不要省略这一步。
对结果进行测试：
root:/sources/glibc-build# make -k check 2>&1 | tee glibc-check-log [开始于2006年11月13日20:29:15]
[结束于2006年11月13日20:57:35]
root:/sources/glibc-build# grep Error glibc-check-log
make[2]: [/sources/glibc-build/posix/annexc.out] Error 1 (ignored)
root:/sources/glibc-build#
在posix/annexc 中，你可能会看到一个预料的错误（可以忽略）。另外，Glibc测试单元，多少依赖于宿主系统。下面是一些常见的错误：
-
nptl/tst-clock2 和tst-attr3 测试有时会出错。 原因现在还不是很明白，可能是系统负载过重导致的。
-
math 测试在一些使用较老的 Intel 或 AMD 的系统上会失败，某些优化设置也会导致该测试失败。
-
atime 会在使用noatime 选项挂载 LFS 分区时失败（参见“挂载新分区”），在编译LFS过程中不要使用noatime 选项。
-
在一些很老很慢的机器上，一些测试会由于超时而失败。
在安装 Glibc 的过程中，它会警告缺少 /etc/ld.so.conf 文件。其实这没什么关系，不过下面的命令能修正它：
root:/sources/glibc-build# touch /etc/ld.so.conf
安装软件包：
root:/sources/glibc-build# make install
……
……
……
if test -r /usr/include/gnu/stubs.h && cmp -s /sources/glibc-build/stubs.h /usr/include/gnu/stubs.h; \
then echo 'stubs.h unchanged'; \
else /tools/bin/install -c -m 644 /sources/glibc-build/stubs.h /usr/include/gnu/stubs.h; fi
rm -f /sources/glibc-build/stubs.h
/sources/glibc-build/elf/sln /sources/glibc-build/elf/symlink.list
rm -f /sources/glibc-build/elf/symlink.list
test ! -x /sources/glibc-build/elf/ldconfig || LC_ALL=C LANGUAGE=C \
/sources/glibc-build/elf/ldconfig \
/lib /usr/lib
CC="gcc" /usr/bin/perl scripts/test-installation.pl /sources/glibc-build/
Your new glibc installation seems to be ok.
make[1]: Leaving directory `/sources/glibc-2.3.6'
root:/sources/glibc-build#
安装inotify头文件到系统头文件的地方：
root:/sources/glibc-build# cp -v ../glibc-2.3.6/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/inotify.h \
> /usr/include/sys
`../glibc-2.3.6/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/inotify.h' -> `/usr/include/sys/inotify.h'
root:/sources/glibc-build#
locales能使系统以一种上面命令没有安装的语言处理。要注意locales是必须的，如果他们中的一些丢失了，后面的测试单元会跳过重要测试。
单个的locale可以通过使用localedef 程序来安装。例如，下面的第一个 localedef 命令将/usr/share/i18n/locales/de_DE跟/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/ISO-8859-1.gz结合，并添加到 /usr/lib/locale/locale-archive 文件中。下面的说明将会安装一个所需locale的最小集合：
root:/sources/glibc-build# mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
mkdir: created directory `/usr/lib/locale'
root:/sources/glibc-build# localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
root:/sources/glibc-build# localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
root:/sources/glibc-build# localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
root:/sources/glibc-build# localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
root:/sources/glibc-build# localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
root:/sources/glibc-build# localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
root:/sources/glibc-build# localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
root:/sources/glibc-build# localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
root:/sources/glibc-build# localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
root:/sources/glibc-build# localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
root:/sources/glibc-build# localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
root:/sources/glibc-build# localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
root:/sources/glibc-build# localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
root:/sources/glibc-build#
另外，你可以安装你的国家、语言和字符集所对应的locale。
root:/sources/glibc-build# localedef -i zh_CN -f GB2312 zh_CN
root:/sources/glibc-build# localedef -i zh_CN -f UTF-8 zh_CN.UTF-8
root:/sources/glibc-build# localedef -i zh_CN -f GBK zh_CN.GBK
root:/sources/glibc-build# localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030
当然，可以一次安装所有列在glibc-2.3.6/localedata/SUPPORTED 中的locales，利用下面的命令：
root:/sources/glibc-build# cat ../glibc-2.3.6/localedata/SUPPORTED
# This file names the currently supported and somewhat tested locales.
# If you have any additions please file a glibc bug report.
SUPPORTED-LOCALES=\
aa_DJ.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
aa_DJ/ISO-8859-1 \
aa_ER/UTF-8 \
aa_ER@saaho/UTF-8 \
aa_ET/UTF-8 \
af_ZA.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
af_ZA/ISO-8859-1 \
am_ET/UTF-8 \
an_ES.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
an_ES/ISO-8859-15 \
ar_AE.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
ar_AE/ISO-8859-6 \
ar_BH.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
ar_BH/ISO-8859-6 \
ar_DZ.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
ar_DZ/ISO-8859-6 \
ar_EG.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
ar_EG/ISO-8859-6 \
ar_IN/UTF-8 \
ar_IQ.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
ar_IQ/ISO-8859-6 \
ar_JO.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
ar_JO/ISO-8859-6 \
ar_KW.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
ar_KW/ISO-8859-6 \
ar_LB.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
ar_LB/ISO-8859-6 \
ar_LY.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
ar_LY/ISO-8859-6 \
ar_MA.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
ar_MA/ISO-8859-6 \
ar_OM.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
ar_OM/ISO-8859-6 \
ar_QA.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
ar_QA/ISO-8859-6 \
ar_SA.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
ar_SA/ISO-8859-6 \
ar_SD.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
ar_SD/ISO-8859-6 \
ar_SY.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
ar_SY/ISO-8859-6 \
ar_TN.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
ar_TN/ISO-8859-6 \
ar_YE.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
ar_YE/ISO-8859-6 \
az_AZ.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
be_BY.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
be_BY/CP1251 \
bg_BG.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
bg_BG/CP1251 \
bn_BD/UTF-8 \
bn_IN/UTF-8 \
br_FR.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
br_FR/ISO-8859-1 \
br_FR@euro/ISO-8859-15 \
bs_BA.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
bs_BA/ISO-8859-2 \
byn_ER/UTF-8 \
ca_ES.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
ca_ES/ISO-8859-1 \
ca_ES@euro/ISO-8859-15 \
cs_CZ.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
cs_CZ/ISO-8859-2 \
cy_GB.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
cy_GB/ISO-8859-14 \
da_DK.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
da_DK/ISO-8859-1 \
de_AT.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
de_AT/ISO-8859-1 \
de_AT@euro/ISO-8859-15 \
de_BE.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
de_BE/ISO-8859-1 \
de_BE@euro/ISO-8859-15 \
de_CH.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
de_CH/ISO-8859-1 \
de_DE.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
de_DE/ISO-8859-1 \
de_DE@euro/ISO-8859-15 \
de_LU.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
de_LU/ISO-8859-1 \
de_LU@euro/ISO-8859-15 \
el_GR.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
el_GR/ISO-8859-7 \
en_AU.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
en_AU/ISO-8859-1 \
en_BW.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
en_BW/ISO-8859-1 \
en_CA.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
en_CA/ISO-8859-1 \
en_DK.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
en_DK/ISO-8859-1 \
en_GB.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
en_GB/ISO-8859-1 \
en_HK.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
en_HK/ISO-8859-1 \
en_IE.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
en_IE/ISO-8859-1 \
en_IE@euro/ISO-8859-15 \
en_IN/UTF-8 \
en_NZ.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
en_NZ/ISO-8859-1 \
en_PH.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
en_PH/ISO-8859-1 \
en_SG.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
en_SG/ISO-8859-1 \
en_US.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
en_US/ISO-8859-1 \
en_ZA.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
en_ZA/ISO-8859-1 \
en_ZW.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
en_ZW/ISO-8859-1 \
es_AR.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
es_AR/ISO-8859-1 \
es_BO.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
es_BO/ISO-8859-1 \
es_CL.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
es_CL/ISO-8859-1 \
es_CO.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
es_CO/ISO-8859-1 \
es_CR.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
es_CR/ISO-8859-1 \
es_DO.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
es_DO/ISO-8859-1 \
es_EC.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
es_EC/ISO-8859-1 \
es_ES.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
es_ES/ISO-8859-1 \
es_ES@euro/ISO-8859-15 \
es_GT.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
es_GT/ISO-8859-1 \
es_HN.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
es_HN/ISO-8859-1 \
es_MX.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
es_MX/ISO-8859-1 \
es_NI.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
es_NI/ISO-8859-1 \
es_PA.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
es_PA/ISO-8859-1 \
es_PE.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
es_PE/ISO-8859-1 \
es_PR.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
es_PR/ISO-8859-1 \
es_PY.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
es_PY/ISO-8859-1 \
es_SV.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
es_SV/ISO-8859-1 \
es_US.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
es_US/ISO-8859-1 \
es_UY.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
es_UY/ISO-8859-1 \
es_VE.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
es_VE/ISO-8859-1 \
et_EE.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
et_EE/ISO-8859-1 \
et_EE.ISO-8859-15/ISO-8859-15 \
eu_ES.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
eu_ES/ISO-8859-1 \
eu_ES@euro/ISO-8859-15 \
fa_IR/UTF-8 \
fi_FI.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
fi_FI/ISO-8859-1 \
fi_FI@euro/ISO-8859-15 \
fo_FO.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
fo_FO/ISO-8859-1 \
fr_BE.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
fr_BE/ISO-8859-1 \
fr_BE@euro/ISO-8859-15 \
fr_CA.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
fr_CA/ISO-8859-1 \
fr_CH.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
fr_CH/ISO-8859-1 \
fr_FR.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
fr_FR/ISO-8859-1 \
fr_FR@euro/ISO-8859-15 \
fr_LU.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
fr_LU/ISO-8859-1 \
fr_LU@euro/ISO-8859-15 \
ga_IE.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
ga_IE/ISO-8859-1 \
ga_IE@euro/ISO-8859-15 \
gd_GB.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
gd_GB/ISO-8859-15 \
gez_ER/UTF-8 \
gez_ER@abegede/UTF-8 \
gez_ET/UTF-8 \
gez_ET@abegede/UTF-8 \
gl_ES.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
gl_ES/ISO-8859-1 \
gl_ES@euro/ISO-8859-15 \
gu_IN/UTF-8 \
gv_GB.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
gv_GB/ISO-8859-1 \
he_IL.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
he_IL/ISO-8859-8 \
hi_IN/UTF-8 \
hr_HR.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
hr_HR/ISO-8859-2 \
hu_HU.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
hu_HU/ISO-8859-2 \
id_ID.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
id_ID/ISO-8859-1 \
is_IS.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
is_IS/ISO-8859-1 \
it_CH.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
it_CH/ISO-8859-1 \
it_IT.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
it_IT/ISO-8859-1 \
it_IT@euro/ISO-8859-15 \
iw_IL.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
iw_IL/ISO-8859-8 \
ja_JP.EUC-JP/EUC-JP \
ja_JP.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
ka_GE.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
ka_GE/GEORGIAN-PS \
kk_KZ.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
kk_KZ/PT154 \
kl_GL.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
kl_GL/ISO-8859-1 \
kn_IN/UTF-8 \
ko_KR.EUC-KR/EUC-KR \
ko_KR.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
kw_GB.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
kw_GB/ISO-8859-1 \
lg_UG.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
lg_UG/ISO-8859-10 \
lo_LA/UTF-8 \
lt_LT.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
lt_LT/ISO-8859-13 \
lv_LV.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
lv_LV/ISO-8859-13 \
mi_NZ.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
mi_NZ/ISO-8859-13 \
mk_MK.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
mk_MK/ISO-8859-5 \
ml_IN/UTF-8 \
mn_MN/UTF-8 \
mr_IN/UTF-8 \
ms_MY.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
ms_MY/ISO-8859-1 \
mt_MT.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
mt_MT/ISO-8859-3 \
nb_NO.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
nb_NO/ISO-8859-1 \
ne_NP/UTF-8 \
nl_BE.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
nl_BE/ISO-8859-1 \
nl_BE@euro/ISO-8859-15 \
nl_NL.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
nl_NL/ISO-8859-1 \
nl_NL@euro/ISO-8859-15 \
nn_NO.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
nn_NO/ISO-8859-1 \
oc_FR.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
oc_FR/ISO-8859-1 \
om_ET/UTF-8 \
om_KE.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
om_KE/ISO-8859-1 \
pa_IN/UTF-8 \
pl_PL.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
pl_PL/ISO-8859-2 \
pt_BR.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
pt_BR/ISO-8859-1 \
pt_PT.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
pt_PT/ISO-8859-1 \
pt_PT@euro/ISO-8859-15 \
ro_RO.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
ro_RO/ISO-8859-2 \
ru_RU.KOI8-R/KOI8-R \
ru_RU.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
ru_RU/ISO-8859-5 \
ru_UA.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
ru_UA/KOI8-U \
se_NO/UTF-8 \
sid_ET/UTF-8 \
sk_SK.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
sk_SK/ISO-8859-2 \
sl_SI.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
sl_SI/ISO-8859-2 \
so_DJ.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
so_DJ/ISO-8859-1 \
so_ET/UTF-8 \
so_KE.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
so_KE/ISO-8859-1 \
so_SO.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
so_SO/ISO-8859-1 \
sq_AL.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
sq_AL/ISO-8859-1 \
sr_CS.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
sr_CS/ISO-8859-5 \
st_ZA.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
st_ZA/ISO-8859-1 \
sv_FI.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
sv_FI/ISO-8859-1 \
sv_FI@euro/ISO-8859-15 \
sv_SE.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
sv_SE/ISO-8859-1 \
ta_IN/UTF-8 \
te_IN/UTF-8 \
tg_TJ.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
tg_TJ/KOI8-T \
th_TH.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
th_TH/TIS-620 \
ti_ER/UTF-8 \
ti_ET/UTF-8 \
tig_ER/UTF-8 \
tl_PH.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
tl_PH/ISO-8859-1 \
tr_TR.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
tr_TR/ISO-8859-9 \
tt_RU.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
uk_UA.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
uk_UA/KOI8-U \
ur_PK/UTF-8 \
uz_UZ/ISO-8859-1 \
uz_UZ@cyrillic/UTF-8 \
vi_VN/UTF-8 \
wa_BE/ISO-8859-1 \
wa_BE@euro/ISO-8859-15 \
wa_BE.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
xh_ZA.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
xh_ZA/ISO-8859-1 \
yi_US.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
yi_US/CP1255 \
zh_CN.GB18030/GB18030 \
zh_CN.GBK/GBK \
zh_CN.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
zh_CN/GB2312 \
zh_HK.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
zh_HK/BIG5-HKSCS \
zh_SG.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
zh_SG.GBK/GBK \
zh_SG/GB2312 \
zh_TW.EUC-TW/EUC-TW \
zh_TW.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
zh_TW/BIG5 \
zu_ZA.UTF-8/UTF-8 \
zu_ZA/ISO-8859-1 \
root:/sources/glibc-build# make localedata/install-locales
make -r PARALLELMFLAGS="" CVSOPTS="" -C ../glibc-2.3.6 objdir=`pwd` localedata/install-locales
make[1]: Entering directory `/sources/glibc-2.3.6'
make -C localedata install-locales
make[2]: Entering directory `/sources/glibc-2.3.6/localedata'
.././scripts/mkinstalldirs /usr/lib/locale
aa_DJ.UTF-8... done
aa_DJ.ISO-8859-1... done
aa_ER.UTF-8... done
aa_ER.UTF-8@saaho... done
aa_ET.UTF-8... done
af_ZA.UTF-8... done
af_ZA.ISO-8859-1... done
am_ET.UTF-8... done
an_ES.UTF-8... done
an_ES.ISO-8859-15... done
ar_AE.UTF-8... done
ar_AE.ISO-8859-6... done
ar_BH.UTF-8... done
ar_BH.ISO-8859-6... done
ar_DZ.UTF-8... done
ar_DZ.ISO-8859-6... done
ar_EG.UTF-8... done
ar_EG.ISO-8859-6... done
ar_IN.UTF-8... done
ar_IQ.UTF-8... done
ar_IQ.ISO-8859-6... done
ar_JO.UTF-8... done
ar_JO.ISO-8859-6... done
ar_KW.UTF-8... done
ar_KW.ISO-8859-6... done
ar_LB.UTF-8... done
ar_LB.ISO-8859-6... done
ar_LY.UTF-8... done
ar_LY.ISO-8859-6... done
ar_MA.UTF-8... done
ar_MA.ISO-8859-6... done
ar_OM.UTF-8... done
ar_OM.ISO-8859-6... done
ar_QA.UTF-8... done
ar_QA.ISO-8859-6... done
ar_SA.UTF-8... done
ar_SA.ISO-8859-6... done
ar_SD.UTF-8... done
ar_SD.ISO-8859-6... done
ar_SY.UTF-8... done
ar_SY.ISO-8859-6... done
ar_TN.UTF-8... done
ar_TN.ISO-8859-6... done
ar_YE.UTF-8... done
ar_YE.ISO-8859-6... done
az_AZ.UTF-8... done
be_BY.UTF-8... done
be_BY.CP1251... done
bg_BG.UTF-8... done
bg_BG.CP1251... done
bn_BD.UTF-8... done
bn_IN.UTF-8... done
br_FR.UTF-8... done
br_FR.ISO-8859-1... done
br_FR.ISO-8859-15@euro... done
bs_BA.UTF-8... done
bs_BA.ISO-8859-2... done
byn_ER.UTF-8... done
ca_ES.UTF-8... done
ca_ES.ISO-8859-1... done
ca_ES.ISO-8859-15@euro... done
cs_CZ.UTF-8... done
cs_CZ.ISO-8859-2... done
cy_GB.UTF-8... done
cy_GB.ISO-8859-14... done
da_DK.UTF-8... done
da_DK.ISO-8859-1... done
de_AT.UTF-8... done
de_AT.ISO-8859-1... done
de_AT.ISO-8859-15@euro... done
de_BE.UTF-8... done
de_BE.ISO-8859-1... done
de_BE.ISO-8859-15@euro... done
de_CH.UTF-8... done
de_CH.ISO-8859-1... done
de_DE.UTF-8... done
de_DE.ISO-8859-1... done
de_DE.ISO-8859-15@euro... done
de_LU.UTF-8... done
de_LU.ISO-8859-1... done
de_LU.ISO-8859-15@euro... done
el_GR.UTF-8... done
el_GR.ISO-8859-7... done
en_AU.UTF-8... done
en_AU.ISO-8859-1... done
en_BW.UTF-8... done
en_BW.ISO-8859-1... done
en_CA.UTF-8... done
en_CA.ISO-8859-1... done
en_DK.UTF-8... done
en_DK.ISO-8859-1... done
en_GB.UTF-8... done
en_GB.ISO-8859-1... done
en_HK.UTF-8... done
en_HK.ISO-8859-1... done
en_IE.UTF-8... done
en_IE.ISO-8859-1... done
en_IE.ISO-8859-15@euro... done
en_IN.UTF-8... done
en_NZ.UTF-8... done
en_NZ.ISO-8859-1... done
en_PH.UTF-8... done
en_PH.ISO-8859-1... done
en_SG.UTF-8... done
en_SG.ISO-8859-1... done
en_US.UTF-8... done
en_US.ISO-8859-1... done
en_ZA.UTF-8... done
en_ZA.ISO-8859-1... done
en_ZW.UTF-8... done
en_ZW.ISO-8859-1... done
es_AR.UTF-8... done
es_AR.ISO-8859-1... done
es_BO.UTF-8... done
es_BO.ISO-8859-1... done
es_CL.UTF-8... done
es_CL.ISO-8859-1... done
es_CO.UTF-8... done
es_CO.ISO-8859-1... done
es_CR.UTF-8... done
es_CR.ISO-8859-1... done
es_DO.UTF-8... done
es_DO.ISO-8859-1... done
es_EC.UTF-8... done
es_EC.ISO-8859-1... done
es_ES.UTF-8... done
es_ES.ISO-8859-1... done
es_ES.ISO-8859-15@euro... done
es_GT.UTF-8... done
es_GT.ISO-8859-1... done
es_HN.UTF-8... done
es_HN.ISO-8859-1... done
es_MX.UTF-8... done
es_MX.ISO-8859-1... done
es_NI.UTF-8... done
es_NI.ISO-8859-1... done
es_PA.UTF-8... done
es_PA.ISO-8859-1... done
es_PE.UTF-8... done
es_PE.ISO-8859-1... done
es_PR.UTF-8... done
es_PR.ISO-8859-1... done
es_PY.UTF-8... done
es_PY.ISO-8859-1... done
es_SV.UTF-8... done
es_SV.ISO-8859-1... done
es_US.UTF-8... done
es_US.ISO-8859-1... done
es_UY.UTF-8... done
es_UY.ISO-8859-1... done
es_VE.UTF-8... done
es_VE.ISO-8859-1... done
et_EE.UTF-8... done
et_EE.ISO-8859-1... done
et_EE.ISO-8859-15... done
eu_ES.UTF-8... done
eu_ES.ISO-8859-1... done
eu_ES.ISO-8859-15@euro... done
fa_IR.UTF-8... done
fi_FI.UTF-8... done
fi_FI.ISO-8859-1... done
fi_FI.ISO-8859-15@euro... done
fo_FO.UTF-8... done
fo_FO.ISO-8859-1... done
fr_BE.UTF-8... done
fr_BE.ISO-8859-1... done
fr_BE.ISO-8859-15@euro... done
fr_CA.UTF-8... done
fr_CA.ISO-8859-1... done
fr_CH.UTF-8... done
fr_CH.ISO-8859-1... done
fr_FR.UTF-8... done
fr_FR.ISO-8859-1... done
fr_FR.ISO-8859-15@euro... done
fr_LU.UTF-8... done
fr_LU.ISO-8859-1... done
fr_LU.ISO-8859-15@euro... done
ga_IE.UTF-8... done
ga_IE.ISO-8859-1... done
ga_IE.ISO-8859-15@euro... done
gd_GB.UTF-8... done
gd_GB.ISO-8859-15... done
gez_ER.UTF-8... done
gez_ER.UTF-8@abegede... done
gez_ET.UTF-8... done
gez_ET.UTF-8@abegede... done
gl_ES.UTF-8... done
gl_ES.ISO-8859-1... done
gl_ES.ISO-8859-15@euro... done
gu_IN.UTF-8... done
gv_GB.UTF-8... done
gv_GB.ISO-8859-1... done
he_IL.UTF-8... done
he_IL.ISO-8859-8... done
hi_IN.UTF-8... done
hr_HR.UTF-8... done
hr_HR.ISO-8859-2... done
hu_HU.UTF-8... done
hu_HU.ISO-8859-2... done
id_ID.UTF-8... done
id_ID.ISO-8859-1... done
is_IS.UTF-8... done
is_IS.ISO-8859-1... done
it_CH.UTF-8... done
it_CH.ISO-8859-1... done
it_IT.UTF-8... done
it_IT.ISO-8859-1... done
it_IT.ISO-8859-15@euro... done
iw_IL.UTF-8... done
iw_IL.ISO-8859-8... done
ja_JP.EUC-JP... done
ja_JP.UTF-8... done
ka_GE.UTF-8... done
ka_GE.GEORGIAN-PS... done
kk_KZ.UTF-8... done
kk_KZ.PT154... done
kl_GL.UTF-8... done
kl_GL.ISO-8859-1... done
kn_IN.UTF-8... done
ko_KR.EUC-KR... done
ko_KR.UTF-8... done
kw_GB.UTF-8... done
kw_GB.ISO-8859-1... done
lg_UG.UTF-8... done
lg_UG.ISO-8859-10... done
lo_LA.UTF-8... done
lt_LT.UTF-8... done
lt_LT.ISO-8859-13... done
lv_LV.UTF-8... done
lv_LV.ISO-8859-13... done
mi_NZ.UTF-8... done
mi_NZ.ISO-8859-13... done
mk_MK.UTF-8... done
mk_MK.ISO-8859-5... done
ml_IN.UTF-8... done
mn_MN.UTF-8...locales/mn_MN:221: LC_TIME: syntax error
done
mr_IN.UTF-8... done
ms_MY.UTF-8... done
ms_MY.ISO-8859-1... done
mt_MT.UTF-8... done
mt_MT.ISO-8859-3... done
nb_NO.UTF-8... done
nb_NO.ISO-8859-1... done
ne_NP.UTF-8... done
nl_BE.UTF-8... done
nl_BE.ISO-8859-1... done
nl_BE.ISO-8859-15@euro... done
nl_NL.UTF-8... done
nl_NL.ISO-8859-1... done
nl_NL.ISO-8859-15@euro... done
nn_NO.UTF-8... done
nn_NO.ISO-8859-1... done
oc_FR.UTF-8... done
oc_FR.ISO-8859-1... done
om_ET.UTF-8... done
om_KE.UTF-8... done
om_KE.ISO-8859-1... done
pa_IN.UTF-8... done
pl_PL.UTF-8... done
pl_PL.ISO-8859-2... done
pt_BR.UTF-8... done
pt_BR.ISO-8859-1... done
pt_PT.UTF-8... done
pt_PT.ISO-8859-1... done
pt_PT.ISO-8859-15@euro... done
ro_RO.UTF-8... done
ro_RO.ISO-8859-2... done
ru_RU.KOI8-R... done
ru_RU.UTF-8... done
ru_RU.ISO-8859-5... done
ru_UA.UTF-8... done
ru_UA.KOI8-U... done
se_NO.UTF-8... done
sid_ET.UTF-8...LC_ADDRESS: `lang_lib' value does not match `lang_term' value
done
sk_SK.UTF-8... done
sk_SK.ISO-8859-2... done
sl_SI.UTF-8... done
sl_SI.ISO-8859-2... done
so_DJ.UTF-8... done
so_DJ.ISO-8859-1... done
so_ET.UTF-8... done
so_KE.UTF-8... done
so_KE.ISO-8859-1... done
so_SO.UTF-8... done
so_SO.ISO-8859-1... done
sq_AL.UTF-8... done
sq_AL.ISO-8859-1... done
sr_CS.UTF-8... done
sr_CS.ISO-8859-5... done
st_ZA.UTF-8... done
st_ZA.ISO-8859-1... done
sv_FI.UTF-8... done
sv_FI.ISO-8859-1... done
sv_FI.ISO-8859-15@euro... done
sv_SE.UTF-8... done
sv_SE.ISO-8859-1... done
ta_IN.UTF-8... done
te_IN.UTF-8... done
tg_TJ.UTF-8... done
tg_TJ.KOI8-T... done
th_TH.UTF-8... done
th_TH.TIS-620... done
ti_ER.UTF-8... done
ti_ET.UTF-8... done
tig_ER.UTF-8... done
tl_PH.UTF-8... done
tl_PH.ISO-8859-1... done
tr_TR.UTF-8...LC_MONETARY: value of field `int_curr_symbol' does not correspond to a valid name in ISO 4217
done
tr_TR.ISO-8859-9...LC_MONETARY: value of field `int_curr_symbol' does not correspond to a valid name in ISO 4217
done
tt_RU.UTF-8... done
uk_UA.UTF-8... done
uk_UA.KOI8-U... done
ur_PK.UTF-8... done
uz_UZ.ISO-8859-1... done
uz_UZ.UTF-8@cyrillic... done
vi_VN.UTF-8... done
wa_BE.ISO-8859-1... done
wa_BE.ISO-8859-15@euro... done
wa_BE.UTF-8... done
xh_ZA.UTF-8... done
xh_ZA.ISO-8859-1... done
yi_US.UTF-8... done
yi_US.CP1255... done
zh_CN.GB18030... done
zh_CN.GBK... done
zh_CN.UTF-8... done
zh_CN.GB2312... done
zh_HK.UTF-8... done
zh_HK.BIG5-HKSCS... done
zh_SG.UTF-8... done
zh_SG.GBK... done
zh_SG.GB2312... done
zh_TW.EUC-TW... done
zh_TW.UTF-8... done
zh_TW.BIG5... done
zu_ZA.UTF-8... done
zu_ZA.ISO-8859-1... done
make[2]: Leaving directory `/sources/glibc-2.3.6/localedata'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/sources/glibc-2.3.6'
root:/sources/glibc-build#
接着使用localedef命令来创建和安装locales没有列在glibc-2.3.6/localedata/SUPPORTED中的（这种情况不太可能），如果需要他们的话。
9.2.配置Glibc
我们需要建立 /etc/nsswitch.conf 文件。因为在这个文件丢失或不正确的情况下，Glibc 会使用默认配置，而 Glibc 的默认配置无法很好地在网络环境下工作。并且我们也需要设置自己的时区。
使用如下命令建立一个新的 /etc/nsswitch.conf 文件：
cat > /etc/nsswitch.conf << "EOF"
# Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
passwd: files
group: files
shadow: files
hosts: files dns
networks: files
protocols: files
services: files
ethers: files
rpc: files
# End /etc/nsswitch.conf
EOF
root:/sources/glibc-build# cat > /etc/nsswitch.conf << "EOF"
> # Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
>
> passwd: files
> group: files
> shadow: files
>
> hosts: files dns
> networks: files
>
> protocols: files
> services: files
> ethers: files
> rpc: files
>
> # End /etc/nsswitch.conf
> EOF
root:/sources/glibc-build# cat /etc/nsswitch.conf
# Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
passwd: files
group: files
shadow: files
hosts: files dns
networks: files
protocols: files
services: files
ethers: files
rpc: files
# End /etc/nsswitch.conf
root:/sources/glibc-build#
要想确定本地时区，可以使用下面的脚本：
root:/sources/glibc-build# tzselect
Please identify a location so that time zone rules can be set correctly.
Please select a continent or ocean.
1) Africa
2) Americas
3) Antarctica
4) Arctic Ocean
5) Asia
6) Atlantic Ocean
7) Australia
8) Europe
9) Indian Ocean
10) Pacific Ocean
11) none - I want to specify the time zone using the Posix TZ format.
#? 5
Please select a country.
1) Afghanistan 18) Israel 35) Palestine
2) Armenia 19) Japan 36) Philippines
3) Azerbaijan 20) Jordan 37) Qatar
4) Bahrain 21) Kazakhstan 38) Russia
5) Bangladesh 22) Korea (North) 39) Saudi Arabia
6) Bhutan 23) Korea (South) 40) Singapore
7) Brunei 24) Kuwait 41) Sri Lanka
8) Cambodia 25) Kyrgyzstan 42) Syria
9) China 26) Laos 43) Taiwan
10) Cyprus 27) Lebanon 44) Tajikistan
11) East Timor 28) Macau 45) Thailand
12) Georgia 29) Malaysia 46) Turkmenistan
13) Hong Kong 30) Mongolia 47) United Arab Emirates
14) India 31) Myanmar (Burma) 48) Uzbekistan
15) Indonesia 32) Nepal 49) Vietnam
16) Iran 33) Oman 50) Yemen
17) Iraq 34) Pakistan
#? 9
Please select one of the following time zone regions.
1) east China - Beijing, Guangdong, Shanghai, etc.
2) Heilongjiang
3) central China - Gansu, Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan, etc.
4) Tibet & most of Xinjiang Uyghur
5) southwest Xinjiang Uyghur
#? 1
The following information has been given:
China
east China - Beijing, Guangdong, Shanghai, etc.
Therefore TZ='Asia/Shanghai' will be used.
Local time is now: Mon Nov 13 22:32:41 CST 2006.
Universal Time is now: Mon Nov 13 14:32:41 UTC 2006.
Is the above information OK?
1) Yes
2) No
#? 1
You can make this change permanent for yourself by appending the line
TZ='Asia/Shanghai'; export TZ
to the file '.profile' in your home directory; then log out and log in again.
Here is that TZ value again, this time on standard output so that you
can use the /usr/bin/tzselect command in shell scripts:
Asia/Shanghai
root:/sources/glibc-build#
按照顺序回答脚本运行过程中提出的几个问题后，脚本就会给出所需时区文件的位置(比如 America/Edmonton)。还有其他的一些时区列在/usr/share/zoneinfo中，比如Canada/Eastern 或 EST5EDT，这些虽然没有被脚本识别，但是都可以使用。
再用下列命令来创建 /etc/localtime 文件：
cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/<xxx> \
/etc/localtime
将 <xxx> 替换成选择的时区的名称(比如，Canada/Eastern)。
cp 命令选项的含义：
--remove-destination
强制删除已存在的符号链接。我们采用拷贝文件而不是创建符号链接的原因是：有可能 /usr 在单独的分区上，如果启动进入单用户模式，就会出问题。
root:/sources/glibc-build# cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai \
> /etc/localtime
`/usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai' -> `/etc/localtime'
root:/sources/glibc-build#
9.3.配置静态链接库加载程序
默认情况下，动态链接库加载程序(/lib/ld-linux.so.2)搜索 /lib 和 /usr/lib 目录来寻找程序需要使用的动态连接库。但是，如果某些库在这两个目录之外，你就需要把它们的路径加到 /etc/ld.so.conf 文件里，以便动态链接库加载程序能够找到它们。 /usr/local/lib 和 /opt/lib 是两个经常包含动态连接库但又不在默认目录中的目录，我们要把它们添加到动态链接库加载程序的搜索路径中。
使用如下命令创建新的 /etc/ld.so.conf 文件：
cat > /etc/ld.so.conf << "EOF"
# Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
/usr/local/lib
/opt/lib
# End /etc/ld.so.conf
EOF
root:/sources/glibc-build# cat > /etc/ld.so.conf << "EOF"
> # Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
>
> /usr/local/lib
> /opt/lib
>
> # End /etc/ld.so.conf
> EOF
root:/sources/glibc-build# cat /etc/ld.so.conf
# Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
/usr/local/lib
/opt/lib
# End /etc/ld.so.conf
root:/sources/glibc-build#
9.4.Glibc 的内容
安装的程序： catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig, ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, mtrace, nscd, nscd_nischeck, pcprofiledump, pt_chown, rpcgen, rpcinfo, sln, sprof, tzselect, xtrace, zdump, zic
安装的库： ld.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so}, libbsd-compat.a, libc.{a,so}, libcidn.so, libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so}, libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.a, libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so, libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so}, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so}, libthread_db.so, libutil.{a,so}
简要描述
|
catchsegv |
当程序发生段故障的时候，用来建立一个堆栈跟踪 |
|
gencat |
建立消息列表 |
|
getconf |
针对文件系统的指定变量显示其系统设置值 |
|
getent |
从系统管理数据库获取一个条目 |
|
iconv |
字符集转换 |
|
iconvconfig |
建立快速加载的 iconv 模块所使用的配置文件 |
|
ldconfig |
配置动态链接库的实时绑定 |
|
ldd |
列出每个程序或者命令需要的共享库 |
|
lddlibc4 |
帮助 ldd 操作目标文件 |
|
locale |
打印当前locale的详细信息 |
|
localedef |
编译 locale 标准 |
|
mtrace |
读取并解释一个内存跟踪文件然后以人类可读的格式显示一个摘要 |
|
nscd |
为最常用的名称服务请求提供缓存的守护进程 |
|
nscd_nischeck |
检查在进行 NIS+ 查找时是否需要安全模式 |
|
pcprofiledump |
转储 PC profiling 产生的信息 |
|
pt_chown |
一个辅助程序，帮助 grantpt 设置子虚拟终端的属主、用户组、读写权限 |
|
rpcgen |
产生实现远程过程调用(RPC)协议的 C 代码 |
|
rpcinfo |
对 RPC 服务器产生一个 RPC 呼叫 |
|
sln |
ln 程序使用静态连接编译的版本，在 ln 不起作用的时候，sln 仍然可以建立符号链接 |
|
sprof |
读取并显示共享目标的特征描述数据 |
|
tzselect |
对用户提出关于当前位置的问题并输出时区信息到标准输出 |
|
xtrace |
通过打印当前执行的函数跟踪程序执行情况 |
|
zdump |
显示时区 |
|
zic |
时区编译器 |
|
ld.so |
帮助动态链接库执行的辅助程序 |
|
libBrokenLocale |
帮助应用程序(如Mozilla)处理破损的 locale |
|
libSegFault |
段故障信号处理器 |
|
libanl |
异步名称查询库 |
|
libbsd-compat |
为了在 linux 下执行一些 BSD 程序，libbsd-compat 提供了必要的可移植性 |
|
libc |
主 C 库，集成了最常用函数 |
|
libcidn |
被Glibc使用，在getaddrinfo()函数中来处理国际域名 |
|
libcrypt |
用于的加密库 |
|
libdl |
动态连接接口库 |
|
libg |
g++ 运行时库 |
|
libieee |
IEEE 浮点运算库 |
|
libm |
数学函数库 |
|
libmcheck |
包括了启动(boot)时需要的代码 |
|
libmemusage |
帮助 memusage 搜集程序运行时的内存占用信息 |
|
libnsl |
提供网络服务的库 |
|
libnss |
名称服务切换库，包含了解释主机名、用户名、组名、别名、服务、协议等等的函数 |
|
libpcprofile |
包含用于跟踪某些特定源代码的 CPU 使用时间的 profiling 函数 |
|
libpthread |
POSIX 线程库 |
|
libresolv |
创建、发送、解释到互联网域名服务器的数据包 |
|
librpcsvc |
提供 RPC 的其他杂项服务 |
|
librt |
提供了大部分的 POSIX.1b 运行时扩展接口 |
|
libthread_db |
对多线程程序的调试很有用 |
|
libutil |
包含了在很多不同的 Unix 程序中使用的"标准"函数 |
相关阅读 更多 +
