fdisk程序实践
时间：2006-09-21 来源：适兕
在linuxsir.org上，北南南北兄的文章http://www.linuxsir.org/main/?q=node/81对新手足够用了。
实践和看文档是有着本质的不同的，理工类就怕纸上谈兵，如果我们在工作中也像在我们念大学那样的话，我看我还是转行来的实在！
[root@lee lee]# /sbin/fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 80.0 GB, 80000000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9726 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 1 1305 10482381 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 1306 9725 67633650 f W95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/sda5 1306 5129 30716248+ 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda6 5130 5255 1012063+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda7 5256 5268 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda8 5269 7818 20482843+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda9 7819 8710 7164958+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda10 8711 9725 8152956 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80000000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9726 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 * 1 1912 15358108+ c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
/dev/sdb2 1913 9725 62757922+ f W95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/sdb5 1913 3824 15358108+ 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sdb6 3825 6374 20482843+ 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sdb7 6375 6387 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sdb8 6388 9660 26290341 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sdb9 9661 9725 522081 82 Linux swap / Solaris
[root@lee lee]# mount -t reiserfs /dev/sda1 /mnt/C
[root@lee lee]# fdisk /dev/sdb
bash: fdisk: command not found
[root@lee lee]# /sbin/fdisk /dev/sdb
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 9726.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-9): 1-9
Command (m for help): l
0 Empty 1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix be Solaris boot
1 FAT12 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris
2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx
6 FAT16 42 SFS 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data
7 HPFS/NTFS 4d QNX4.x 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .
8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility
9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access
b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O
c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor
e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs
f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a5 FreeBSD ee EFI GPT
10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b
12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor
14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor
16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary
17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fd Linux raid auto
18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fe LANstep
1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid ff BBT
1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80000000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9726 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb2 1913 9725 62757922+ f W95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/sdb5 1913 3824 15358108+ 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sdb6 3825 6374 20482843+ 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sdb7 6375 6387 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sdb8 6388 9660 26290341 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sdb9 9661 9725 522081 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-9): 1
Warning: partition 1 has empty type
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-9): 2
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80000000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9726 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@lee lee]# fdisk -l
bash: fdisk: command not found
[root@lee lee]# /sbin/fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 80.0 GB, 80000000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9726 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 1 1305 10482381 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 1306 9725 67633650 f W95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/sda5 1306 5129 30716248+ 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda6 5130 5255 1012063+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda7 5256 5268 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda8 5269 7818 20482843+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda9 7819 8710 7164958+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda10 8711 9725 8152956 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80000000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9726 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80000000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9726 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 1217 9775521 83 Linux
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
e
Partition number (1-4): 2
First cylinder (1218-9726, default 1218):
Using default value 1218
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1218-9726, default 9726): +20G
Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
1
Invalid partition number for type `1'
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
5
Invalid partition number for type `5'
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
l
First cylinder (1218-3650, default 1218):
Using default value 1218
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1218-3650, default 3650): +20G
Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
l
No free sectors available
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80000000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9726 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 1217 9775521 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 1218 3650 19543072+ 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 1218 3650 19543041 83 Linux
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-5): 1-5
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80000000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9726 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb2 1218 3650 19543072+ 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 1218 3650 19543041 83 Linux
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-5): 2
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80000000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9726 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-5): 5
Hex code (type L to list codes): 86
Changed system type of partition 5 to 86 (NTFS volume set)
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80000000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9726 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 1217 9775521 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 1218 9726 68348542+ 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 1218 9726 68348511 86 NTFS volume set
实践和看文档是有着本质的不同的，理工类就怕纸上谈兵，如果我们在工作中也像在我们念大学那样的话，我看我还是转行来的实在！
[root@lee lee]# /sbin/fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 80.0 GB, 80000000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9726 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 1 1305 10482381 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 1306 9725 67633650 f W95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/sda5 1306 5129 30716248+ 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda6 5130 5255 1012063+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda7 5256 5268 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda8 5269 7818 20482843+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda9 7819 8710 7164958+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda10 8711 9725 8152956 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80000000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9726 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 * 1 1912 15358108+ c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
/dev/sdb2 1913 9725 62757922+ f W95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/sdb5 1913 3824 15358108+ 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sdb6 3825 6374 20482843+ 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sdb7 6375 6387 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sdb8 6388 9660 26290341 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sdb9 9661 9725 522081 82 Linux swap / Solaris
[root@lee lee]# mount -t reiserfs /dev/sda1 /mnt/C
[root@lee lee]# fdisk /dev/sdb
bash: fdisk: command not found
[root@lee lee]# /sbin/fdisk /dev/sdb
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 9726.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-9): 1-9
Command (m for help): l
0 Empty 1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix be Solaris boot
1 FAT12 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris
2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx
6 FAT16 42 SFS 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data
7 HPFS/NTFS 4d QNX4.x 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .
8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility
9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access
b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O
c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor
e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs
f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a5 FreeBSD ee EFI GPT
10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b
12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor
14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor
16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary
17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fd Linux raid auto
18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fe LANstep
1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid ff BBT
1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80000000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9726 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb2 1913 9725 62757922+ f W95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/sdb5 1913 3824 15358108+ 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sdb6 3825 6374 20482843+ 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sdb7 6375 6387 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sdb8 6388 9660 26290341 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sdb9 9661 9725 522081 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-9): 1
Warning: partition 1 has empty type
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-9): 2
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80000000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9726 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@lee lee]# fdisk -l
bash: fdisk: command not found
[root@lee lee]# /sbin/fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 80.0 GB, 80000000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9726 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 1 1305 10482381 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 1306 9725 67633650 f W95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/sda5 1306 5129 30716248+ 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda6 5130 5255 1012063+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda7 5256 5268 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda8 5269 7818 20482843+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda9 7819 8710 7164958+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda10 8711 9725 8152956 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80000000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9726 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80000000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9726 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 1217 9775521 83 Linux
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
e
Partition number (1-4): 2
First cylinder (1218-9726, default 1218):
Using default value 1218
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1218-9726, default 9726): +20G
Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
1
Invalid partition number for type `1'
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
5
Invalid partition number for type `5'
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
l
First cylinder (1218-3650, default 1218):
Using default value 1218
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1218-3650, default 3650): +20G
Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
l
No free sectors available
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80000000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9726 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 1217 9775521 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 1218 3650 19543072+ 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 1218 3650 19543041 83 Linux
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-5): 1-5
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80000000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9726 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb2 1218 3650 19543072+ 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 1218 3650 19543041 83 Linux
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-5): 2
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80000000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9726 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-5): 5
Hex code (type L to list codes): 86
Changed system type of partition 5 to 86 (NTFS volume set)
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80000000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9726 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 1217 9775521 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 1218 9726 68348542+ 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 1218 9726 68348511 86 NTFS volume set
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