6.power management options (ACPI, APM)

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1. Power management options (ACPI, APM)

   1. Power Management support

"Power Management" means that parts of your computer are shut

off or put into a power conserving "sleep" mode if they are not

being used. There are two competing standards for doing this: APM

and ACPI. If you want to use either one, say Y here and then also

to the requisite support below.

Power Management is most important for battery powered laptop

computers; if you have a laptop, check out the Linux Laptop home

page on the WWW at <http://www.linux-on-laptops.com/> or

Tuxmobil - Linux on Mobile Computers at <http://www.tuxmobil.org/>

and the Battery Powered Linux mini-HOWTO, available from

<http://www.tldp.org/docs.html#howto>.

Note that, even if you say N here, Linux on the x86 architecture

will issue the hlt instruction if nothing is to be done, thereby

sending the processor to sleep and saving power.

电源管理的意思是，如果你的电脑某些部件没有被用而被关闭或进入“休眠”状态。这一功能有两个互相竞争的标准：APM和ACPI。如果你想使用其中之一，就需要对此选项及后面的必要选项选Y。

对于使用电池的膝上型电脑电源管理非常重要，如果你有膝上型电脑，可以查看Linux laptop的主页http://www.linux-on-laptops.com/或http://www.tuxmobil.org/，另外，<http://www.tldp.org/docs.html#howto>.上有一篇关于电池电源的文档。

，

1. Legacy Power Management API

Support for pm_register() and friends.

If unsure, say Y.

遗留的电源管理API（应用程序编程接口）

1. Power Management Debug Support

This option enables verbose debugging support in the Power Management

code. This is helpful when debugging and reporting various PM bugs,

like suspend support.

电源管理的调试信息支持，如果不是要调试内核有关电源管理部份，请不要选择这项。

1. Software Suspend

Enable the possibility of suspending the machine.

It doesn't need APM.

You may suspend your machine by 'swsusp' or 'shutdown -z <time>'

(patch for sysvinit needed).

It creates an image which is saved in your active swap. Upon next

boot, pass the 'resume=/dev/swappartition' argument to the kernel to

have it detect the saved image, restore memory state from it, and

continue to run as before. If you do not want the previous state to

be reloaded, then use the 'noresume' kernel argument. However, note

that your partitions will be fsck'd and you must re-mkswap your swap

partitions. It does not work with swap files.

Right now you may boot without resuming and then later resume but

in meantime you cannot use those swap partitions/files which were

involved in suspending. Also in this case there is a risk that buffers

on disk won't match with saved ones.

For more information take a look at <file:Documentation/power/swsusp.txt>.

允许系统悬挂的功能。此功能不需要APM。通过命令“swsusp”或“shutdown –z <time>”可实现。（需要sysvinit补丁）

他会在激活的swap虚拟内存创建一个镜像，下次启动时，内核会探测到保存的镜像，并在内存恢复成和创建时一样的状态，如果你不想恢复到原来的状态，要使用noresume内核参数。无论如何，你的分区要被fsck，sawp分区也要重新mkswap。这不适用于虚拟内存文件。

现在，你也许要重启电脑而不恢复，然后又恢复，这期间系统悬挂涉及到的虚拟内存部分不可用。而且在这种情况下，有可能磁盘的缓存与保存的镜像不匹配，有这样一个风险。详情请阅读文件 Documentation/power/swsusp.txt

1. Default resume partition

The default resume partition is the partition that the suspend-

to-disk implementation will look for a suspended disk image.

The partition specified here will be different for almost every user.

It should be a valid swap partition (at least for now) that is turned

on before suspending.

The partition specified can be overridden by specifying:

resume=/dev/<other device>

which will set the resume partition to the device specified.

Note there is currently not a way to specify which device to save the

suspended image to. It will simply pick the first available swap

device.

默认的恢复分区，存放镜像文件的硬盘空间，每个用户不一定相同，目前还无法制定虚拟内存设备，他只是简单的使用最先找到的虚拟内存设备。

1. ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) Support

   1. ACPI Support

Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) support for

Linux requires an ACPI compliant platform (hardware/firmware),

and assumes the presence of OS-directed configuration and power

management (OSPM) software. This option will enlarge your

kernel by about 70K.

Linux ACPI provides a robust functional replacement for several

legacy configuration and power management interfaces, including

the Plug-and-Play BIOS specification (PnP BIOS), the

MultiProcessor Specification (MPS), and the Advanced Power

Management (APM) specification. If both ACPI and APM support

are configured, whichever is loaded first shall be used.

The ACPI SourceForge project contains the latest source code,

documentation, tools, mailing list subscription, and other

information. This project is available at:

<http://sourceforge.net/projects/acpi>

Linux support for ACPI is based on Intel Corporation's ACPI

Component Architecture (ACPI CA). For more information see:

<http://developer.intel.com/technology/iapc/acpi>

ACPI is an open industry specification co-developed by Compaq,

Intel, Microsoft, Phoenix, and Toshiba. The specification is

available at:

<http://www.acpi.info>

ACPI需要相应的硬件和操作系统软件支持，此选项会使你的内核增大70k，linux ACPI替换了一些原有的电源管理接口，包括即插即用bios规格，多处理器规格，及APM规格，如果ACPI和APM都被配置为支持，则先加载的起作用。ACPI在SourceForge上的项目有最新的代码，详情见http://developer.intel.com/technology/iapc/acpi

Linux支持的ACPI基于Intel公司的ACPI组建构架，详情见http://developer.intel.com/technology/iapc/acpi

ACPI是由Compaq，Intel，Microsoft,Phoenix及Toshiba联合开发的开放的工业标准，规格在http://www.acpi.info

1. Sleep States

This option adds support for ACPI suspend states.

With this option, you will be able to put the system "to sleep".

Sleep states are low power states for the system and devices. All

of the system operating state is saved to either memory or disk

(depending on the state), to allow the system to resume operation

quickly at your request.

Although this option sounds really nifty, barely any of the device

drivers have been converted to the new driver model and hence few

have proper power management support.

This option is not recommended for anyone except those doing driver

power management development.

此选项添加对ACPI休眠状态的支持。休眠状态可使系统节能，系统状态会被存到内存活磁盘，需要时再恢复。这个选项说起来好听，不过现在还不实用，只有作电源管理驱动开发的人需要打开这个选项。

1. /proc/acpi/sleep (deprecated)

Create /proc/acpi/sleep

Deprecated by /sys/power/state

1. AC Adapter

This driver adds support for the AC Adapter object, which indicates

whether a system is on AC, or not. If you have a system that can

switch between A/C and battery, say Y.

AC适配器支持，如果你的系统可以在A/C和电池之间转换的话可以选。

1. Battery

This driver adds support for battery information through

/proc/acpi/battery. If you have a mobile system with a battery,

say Y.

对电池信息的支持，用电池的笔记本电脑可选用。

1. Button

This driver handles events on the power, sleep and lid buttons.

A daemon reads /proc/acpi/event and perform user-defined actions

such as shutting down the system. This is necessary for

software controlled poweroff.

此驱动处理电源，休眠，待机按钮的事件。一个后台进程读取/proc/acpi/event然后执行用户定义的动作，对于软件控制电源这是必要的。

1. Video

This driver implement the ACPI Extensions For Display Adapters

for integrated graphics devices on motherboard, as specified in

ACPI 2.0 Specification, Appendix B, allowing to perform some basic

control like defining the video POST device, retrieving EDID information

or to setup a video output, etc.

Note that this is an ref. implementation only. It may or may not work

for your integrated video device.

与主板集成的显卡有关。

1. Generic Hotkey (EXPERIMENTAL)

Experimental consolidated hotkey driver.

If you are unsure, say N.

试验阶段的统一热键驱动，不确定的话不要选。

1. Fan

This driver adds support for ACPI fan devices, allowing user-mode

applications to perform basic fan control (on, off, status).

对风扇的控制支持。

1. Processor

This driver installs ACPI as the idle handler for Linux, and uses

ACPI C2 and C3 processor states to save power, on systems that

support it. It is required by several flavors of cpufreq

Performance-state drivers.

1. Thermal Zone

This driver adds support for ACPI thermal zones. Most mobile and

some desktop systems support ACPI thermal zones. It is HIGHLY

recommended that this option be enabled, as your processor(s)

may be damaged without it.

据说大部份的台式机和笔记本都支持，不选还可能把处理器烧掉。如果你不会让模块正常工作，还是把它编进内核吧，怪吓人的。

1. ASUS/Medion Laptop Extras

This driver provides support for extra features of ACPI-compatible

ASUS laptops. As some of Medion laptops are made by ASUS, it may also

support some Medion laptops (such as 9675 for example). It makes all

the extra buttons generate standard ACPI events that go through

/proc/acpi/events, and (on some models) adds support for changing the

display brightness and output, switching the LCD backlight on and off,

and most importantly, allows you to blink those fancy LEDs intended

for reporting mail and wireless status.

Note: display switching code is currently considered EXPERIMENTAL,

toying with these values may even lock your machine.

All settings are changed via /proc/acpi/asus directory entries. Owner

and group for these entries can be set with asus_uid and asus_gid

parameters.

More information and a userspace daemon for handling the extra buttons

at <http://sourceforge.net/projects/acpi4asus/>.

If you have an ACPI-compatible ASUS laptop, say Y or M here. This

driver is still under development, so if your laptop is unsupported or

something works not quite as expected, please use the mailing list

available on the above page ([email protected])

华硕笔记本扩展支持，详情见http://sourceforge.net/projects/acpi4asus/

本驱动还在开发中，如果遇到不支持或不能正常工作的情况，发邮件到：[email protected]

1. IBM ThinkPad Laptop Extras

This is a Linux ACPI driver for the IBM ThinkPad laptops. It adds

support for Fn-Fx key combinations, Bluetooth control, video

output switching, ThinkLight control, UltraBay eject and more.

For more information about this driver see <file:Documentation/ibm-acpi.txt>

and <http://ibm-acpi.sf.net/> .

If you have an IBM ThinkPad laptop, say Y or M here. Documentation/ibm-acpi.txt

IBM ThinkPad笔记本电脑的扩展支持，详细信息阅读Documentation/ibm-acpi.txt，或者访问网页http://ibm-acpi.sf.net/，

1. Toshiba Laptop Extras

This driver adds support for access to certain system settings

on "legacy free" Toshiba laptops. These laptops can be recognized by

their lack of a BIOS setup menu and APM support.

On these machines, all system configuration is handled through the

ACPI. This driver is required for access to controls not covered

by the general ACPI drivers, such as LCD brightness, video output,

etc.

This driver differs from the non-ACPI Toshiba laptop driver (located

under "Processor type and features") in several aspects.

Configuration is accessed by reading and writing text files in the

/proc tree instead of by program interface to /dev. Furthermore, no

power management functions are exposed, as those are handled by the

general ACPI drivers.

More information about this driver is available at

<http://memebeam.org/toys/ToshibaAcpiDriver>.

If you have a legacy free Toshiba laptop (such as the Libretto L1

series), say Y.

Toshiba笔记本扩展支持

1. Disable ACPI for systems before Jan 1st this year

enter a 4-digit year, eg. 2001 to disable ACPI by default

on platforms with DMI BIOS date before January 1st that year.

"acpi=force" can be used to override this mechanism.

Enter 0 to disable this mechanism and allow ACPI to

run by default no matter what the year. (default)

在设置年一月一日前禁用ACPI，默认设置是不禁用。

1. Debug Statements

The ACPI driver can optionally report errors with a great deal

of verbosity. Saying Y enables these statements. This will increase

your kernel size by around 50K.

详细的ACPI调试信息，不搞开发就别选。

1. ACPI0004,PNP0A05 and PNP0A06 Container Driver (EXPERIMENTAL)

This allows _physical_ insertion and removal of CPUs and memory.

This can be useful, for example, on NUMA machines that support

ACPI based physical hotplug of nodes, or non-NUMA machines that

support physical cpu/memory hot-plug.

If one selects "m", this driver can be loaded with

"modprobe acpi_container".

尚处试验阶段的驱动，应用于允许cpu/内存热插拔的系统。