Perl Functions by Category

Here are Perl's functions (including things that look like functions, like some of the keywords and named operators) arranged by category. Some functions appear in more than one place.

Functions for SCALARs or strings chomp, chop, chr, crypt, hex, index, lc, lcfirst, length, oct, ord, pack, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, reverse, rindex, sprintf, substr, tr///, uc, ucfirst, y///

Regular expressions and pattern matching m//, pos, quotemeta, s///, split, study

Numeric functions abs, atan2, cos, exp, hex, int, log, oct, rand, sin, sqrt, srand

Functions for real @ARRAYs pop, push, shift, splice, unshift

Functions for list data grep, join, map, qw/STRING/, reverse, sort, unpack,

Functions for real %HASHes delete, each, exists, keys, values,

Input and output functions binmode, close, closedir, dbmclose, dbmopen, die, eof, fileno, flock, format, getc, print, printf, read, readdir, rewinddir, seek, seekdir, select, syscall, sysread, sysseek, syswrite, tell, telldir, truncate, warn, write

Functions for fixed length data or records pack, read, syscall, sysread, syswrite, unpack, vec

Functions for filehandles, files, or directories -X, chdir, chmod, chown, chroot, fcntl, glob, ioctl, link, lstat, mkdir, open, opendir, readlink, rename, rmdir, stat, symlink, umask, unlink, utime, -r, -w, -x, -o, -R, -W, -X, -O, -e, -z, -s, -f, -d, -l, -p, -S, -b, -c, -t, -u, -g, -k, -T, -B, -M, -A, -C,

Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program caller, continue, die, do, dump, eval, exit, goto, last, next, redo, return, sub, wantarray

Keywords related to scoping caller, import, local, my, package, use

Miscellaneous functions defined, dump, eval, formline, local, my, reset, scalar, undef, wantarray

Functions for processes and process groups alarm, exec, fork, getpgrp, getppid, getpriority, kill, pipe, qx/STRING/, setpgrp, setpriority, sleep, system, times, wait, waitpid

Keywords related to perl modules do, import, no, package, require, use

Keywords related to classes and object-orientedness bless, dbmclose, dbmopen, package, ref, tie, tied, untie, use

Low-level socket functions accept, bind, connect, getpeername, getsockname, getsockopt, listen, recv, send, setsockopt, shutdown, socket, socketpair

System V interprocess communication functions msgctl, msgget, msgrcv, msgsnd, semctl, semget, semop, shmctl, shmget, shmread, shmwrite

Fetching user and group info endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endpwent, getgrent, getgrgid, getgrnam, getlogin, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, setgrent, setpwent

Fetching network info endprotoent, endservent, gethostbyaddr, gethostbyname, gethostent, getnetbyaddr, getnetbyname, getnetent, getprotobyname, getprotobynumber, getprotoent, getservbyname, getservbyport, getservent, sethostent, setnetent, setprotoent, setservent

Time-related functions gmtime, localtime, time, times

Functions new in perl5 abs, bless, chomp, chr, exists, formline, glob, import, lc, lcfirst, map, my, no, prototype, qx, qw, readline, readpipe, ref, sub*, sysopen, tie, tied, uc, ucfirst, untie, use

* - sub was a keyword in perl4, but in perl5 it is an operator which can be used in expressions.

Functions obsoleted in perl5 dbmclose, dbmopen,