桌面用户：Linux下的软件真的少吗？(三)
时间：2005-09-15 来源：一郎
Windows用户转换到Linux下的时候多的抱怨就是软件的稀少，其实他们不知道，有渊远背景的Linux的软件真是比Linux多的多，我们可以看下面这张表，看看我们平时使用的东西，Linux哪个没有，反而是好多软件，Windows下是没有的！
| Description of the program, executed task | Windows | Linux |
| CAD/CAM/CAE | AutoCAD, Microstation, ArchiCAD |
1) Varkon. 2) Linuxcad. [Prop, ~100$] 3) Varicad. [Prop] 4) Cycas. [Prop] 5) Tomcad. 6) Thancad. 7) Fandango (alpha-version). 8) Lignumcad. 9) Giram. 10) Jcad. 11) QSCad. 12) FreeEngineer. 13) Ocadis. 14) PythonCAD. 15) OpenCascade. |
| CAD/CAM/CAE, simplified | AutoCAD Lite | Qcad. |
| Desktop Publishing Systems | Adobe PageMaker, QuarkXPress | Adobe Framemaker. [Proprietary, cancelled] |
| Small desktop publishing systems | MS Publisher |
1) Scribus - Desktop Publishing for Linux. 2) KWord. |
| Diagram and chart designer | Microsoft Visio |
1) Kivio (Koffice). 2) Dia. 3) KChart. 4) xfig. 5) Tgif + dotty. 6) Tulip. 7) Poseidon for UML. [Prop & free versions] 8) JGraph + JGraphPad. (Java) |
| Geographic image processing software | Erdas Imagine, ER Mapper, ENVI | ENVI. |
| GIS (Geographical information system) | ArcView |
All projects: FreeGIS Project. 1) Grass. 2) Quantum GIS. 3) PostGIS. 4) FreeGIS. 5) MapQuest. 6) MapBlast. |
| Interactive Geographic Data Viewer | 1) Thuban. | 1) Thuban. |
| Vectorization of bitmaps | MapEdit, Easy Trace | 1) Autotrace. |
| Software CNC, controlling machine tools | OpenCNC [Prop] |
EMC. |
| Advanced text processing system in TeX style | MikTex, emTeX (DOS) |
1) TeX. 2) TeTeX / LaTeX 3) LyX (WYSIWYM). 4) Kile. |
| Convenient, functional and user-friendly TeX-files / dvi-files editor. | WinEdt |
1) Kile (KDE Integrated LaTeX Environment). 2) Ktexmaker2. 3) Tk LaTeX Editor. |
| Statistical Computing Language and Environment | S-PLUS | R. |
| Statistical analysis | SPSS, Statistica, SalStat |
Many links - here. |
| Econometrics Software | Eviews, Gretl |
1) Gretl. |
| Emulation of the circuit |
1) Electronic Workbench 2) Altera MaxPlus+ |
1) Geda. 2) Oregano. 3) Xcircuit. 4) Gnome Assisted Electronics. 5) SPICE. 6) SPICE OPUS. 7) NG-SPICE. |
| Program to draw chemical structures | Chemdraw, Isisdraw | Xdrawchem. |
| Downloader and player for Olympus dictophone | Olympus DSS Player | ??? |
| Market analysis | MetaStock | ??? |
| Electronics scheme design |
1) PCAD 2) OrCad 3) Visio |
1) Eagle. 2) Geda. |
| The oscilloscope emulation | Winoscillo | Xoscope. |
| Measurement of the temperature and voltages on motherboard | MBMonitor, PCAlert, Speedfan |
1) KSensors. |
| S.M.A.R.T-attributes and temperature of the hard disk | Come on CD with mainboard, Active SMART |
1) smartctl. 2) Hddtemp-0.3. 3) IDEload-0.2. 4) Smartsuite-2.1. 5) Smartmontools. 6) Ide-smart. 7) Smartsuite. |
| Memory testing | SiSoft SANDRA | Memtest86. |
| Program for watching temperatures, fanspeeds, etc | SiSoft SANDRA, SiSoft SAMANTHA |
1) Ksensors. 2) Lm_sensors. 3) xsensors. 4) wmsensormon and other applets for AfterStep / WindowMaker / FluxBox. |
| HDD testing / benchmarking | SiSoft SANDRA, SiSoft SAMANTHA, IOzone |
1) hdparm. |
| Video testing / benchmarking |
Final Reality |
1) X11perf. 2) Viewperf. |
| Realtime Control | SHA Sybera Hardware Access | DIAPM RTAI - Realtime Application Interface. |
| Simulator of nets |
??? |
1) NS. |
|
Neural network simulation |
??? |
1) Xnbc. 2) Stuttgart Neural Network Simulator (SNNS). |
| "Sensor for LCD" | ??? | 1) Sensors-lcd. |
| Electrocardiogrammas viewer |
??? |
1) ecg2png. |
| A software technology, that turns x86 computer into a full-function PLC-like process controller | SoftPLC | 1) MatPLC. |
| Catalog of the software for translators |
- |
Linux for translators. |
| Translation memory |
1) Trados Translators Workbench |
1) OmegaT. |
| Catalog of educational software |
- |
1) SchoolForge. 2) Seul / EDU. |
| Designing and viewing DTDs |
NearFar Designer [Prop] |
??? |
| Finity Element Analysis |
- |
1) FELT (Finity Element Analysis) |
| 10) Emulators. | ||
| Virtual machine emulator |
1) VMWare [Prop] 2) Connectix Virtual PC [Prop] |
1) VMWare. [Prop] 2) Win4Lin. [Prop, $89]. 3) Bochs. 4) Plex86. 5) User Mode Linux. |
| Linux emulator |
1) CygWin. |
1) User Mode Linux. |
| X Window System (XFree) emulator | XFree under CygWin. | - |
| Windows emulator | - |
1) Wine. (GUI: gwine, tkwine) 2) Transgaming WineX. (GUI: tqgui) [NF] 3) Crossover Office. |
| DOS emulator | - |
1) DOSBox. 2) Dosemu. |
| Sony PlayStation emulator | ePSXe, ... |
1) ePSXe. |
| ZX Spectrum emulator |
X128, Speccyal, SpecX, SpecEmu, UnrealSpeccy, ... |
1) Xzx. 2) Glukalka. 3) Fuse. 4) ZXSP-X. 5) FBZX. 6) SpectEmu. |
| Arcade machines emulator | ??? |
1) MAME. 2) Xmame / Xmess. 3) Advancemame. Frontends: advancemenu. ckmame. flynn. gmame. gnomame. grok. grustibus. gxmame. it. it's quit. fancy. kmamerun. kmamu. qmamecat. startxmame. setcleaner. tkmame. |
| ST emulator |
1) Steem. |
1) StonX. 2) Steem. |
| C64 emulator | ??? |
1) Vice. 2) Frodo. |
| Amiga emulator |
??? |
1) UAE. 2) WinUAE. |
| Mac 68k emulator | ??? | 1) Basilisk II. |
| Game boy emulator |
1) Visual Boy Advance |
1) Visual Boy Advance. 2) VGBA. (GUI: vgb-gui) |
| Atari 2600 Video Computer System emulator |
1) Stella |
1) Stella. 2) Saint. |
| NES / SNES emulator |
1) Zsnes. 2) Snes9x. |
1) Zsnes. 2) Snes9x. 3) FWNes. 4) GTuxNes. |
| M680x0 Arcade emulator | 1) Rainemu. | 1) Rainemu. |
| Multi / other emulators |
??? |
1) M.E.S.S. 2) Zinc. |
| 11) Other / Humour :) | ||
| Space simulator |
1) Openuniverse. 2) Celestia. 3) Zetadeck. |
1) Openuniverse. 2) Celestia. 3) Kstars. 4) Zetadeck. |
| TV driver | - | RivaTV. |
| System, running from CD without installing (Live CD) |
1) Windows PE. 2) PE Builder. |
1) Knoppix. 2) Cool Linux. 3) Blin. 4) DemoLinux. 5) DyneBolic. 6) Gentoo (live CD). 7) Lonix. 8) Virtual Linux. 9) Bootable Business Card (LNX-BBC). 10) ByzantineOS. 11) FreeLoader Linux. 12) MoviX. 13) Freeduc CD. 14) SuSE live-eval CD. 15) Freedom Linux. 16) Eagle Linux. 17) Kurumin (Brazilian Portuguese only) |
| Boot rescue/tools diskette | Windows system diskette |
1) Linux system diskette. 2) Tomsrtbt. 3) BanShee Linux. 4) RIP. |
| Creation of LiveCD for system recovery | ??? | 1) Make CD-ROM Recovery. |
| File systems | FAT16, FAT32, NTFS, FS for Longhorn | Ext2, Ext3, ReiserFS, XFS, ... |
| Local file systems mount | ext2fs (driver), explore2fs (program) - ext2/3 under Windows | Linux-NTFS. (driver for NTFS partitions mounting) |
| Installing software and uninstalling | InstallShield, WISE, GhostInstaller, Microsoft Installer - the analog of rpm |
1) Rpm. |
| Installing software from source and uninstalling |
Minimalist GNU For Windows |
1) make install, make uninstall 2) CheckInstall. 3) Sinstall. 4) Emerge (Gentoo). 5) Apt-get & frontends (synaptic, aptitude, ...). |
| System update | Windows Update |
1) Ximian Red Carpet. 2) Red Hat Network. 3) MandrakeOnline. 4) SuSE YaST Online Update. 5) Caldera Volution Online. 6) Apt. 7) Gentoo ebuilds (portage). 8) Debian GNU/Linux package search. 9) Yum. |
| Certification | MCSD, MCT, MCSE |
1) Red Hat Certification. 2) Sair Linux and GNU Certification. 3) Linux Professional Institute Certification (LPIC). 4) Linux+. 5) Prometric. 6) VUE. |
| Icons on desktop | Explorer |
1) Desktop File Manager. 2) Idesk. |
| Work with screensavers | Desktop properties |
1) xset. 2) xlockmore. 3) xscreensaver. 4) kscreensaver. |
| Place for keeping "removed" files | Trash |
1) Trash Can. 2) Libtrash. |
| Checking the hard disk | Scandisk |
fsck -check or reiserfsck -check. Not needed with journaled file systems (reiserfs, ext3, jfs, xfs). |
| Defragmentation | defrag | Not needed. |
| GUI of the system | Windows Explorer | Kde, Gnome, IceWM, Windowmaker, Blackbox, Fluxbox, ... |
| Windows XP GUI | Windows XP | XPde. |
| Multiple workspaces | - | Yes!!! :). |
| Fast users / desktop switching | Windows XP feature for non- networked computers |
1) Ctrl+Alt+F1, login as new user at command-line interface, start GUI by entering command startx - - :1. Switch between screens using Ctrl+Alt+F7 or F8 depending on user. 2) Command "gdmflexiserver -n". 3) Built-in in KDE 3.1. |
| Flavors of the system | 9x, NT, XP | RedHat, Mandrake, Knoppix, Debian, SuSE, ALT, ASP, Gentoo, Slackware, Linux From Scratch, ... |
| Tactics | FUD (fear, uncertainty, doubt) |
Open Source! "First they ignore you, then they laugh at you, then they fight you, then you win". |
| Source code of the kernel freely available | No | Of course :) |
| Command line and scripting |
1) command.com :). 2) cmd.exe 3) Windows Scripting Host 4) 4DOS / 4NT 5) Minimalist GNU For Windows 6) Unix tools for Windows (AT&T) 7) KiXtart 8) ScriptLogic [Prop] |
1) Bash. 2) Csh. 3) Zsh. 4) Ash. 5) Tcsh. |
| Free of charge operating system | Microsoft Windows. (Imagine yourself that in Russia there are 95% of users having a pirate copy of Windows :). | Linux - the Free operating system!! |
| - | Nimda | Slapper. |
| - | Wincih, klez, etc | No analogs |
| Backdoors and hidden keys | Decide it yourself :). | - |
| Easter eggs, undocumented possibilities | Logo with Windows developers, Doom in Excel 95, 3D-racing in Excel 2000, etc, etc... | - |
| The magazines | Windows Magazine |
1) Linux Journal. 2) Linux Gazette. 3) Linux magazine. 4) Linux pratico (Italy). 5) Australian Linux. |
| - | Blue Screen Of Death (BSOD) |
1) Kernel panic. 2) Screensaver "bsod" :). |
| Whom it is necessary to curse for bugs and defects of the system | M$, Bill Gates personally |
1) Developers of the distribution. 2) All the Linux people and Linus Torvalds personally :). 3) Yourself and your own /dev/hands :)). |
| - | M$.com | GNU.org, FSF.org |
| - | Windows.com | Linux.org |
| - | Bill Gates, "Road ahead" | Linus Torvalds, "Just for fun" :). |
| - | Bill Gates, "Business @ the speed of thought" |
Richard M. Stallman, "The right to read". The book: "Free Software, Free Society: Selected Essays of Richard M. Stallman" |
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